Lightning-Bolts documentation¶
Installation¶
You can install using pip
pip install lightning-bolts
Install bleeding-edge (no guarantees)
pip install git+https://github.com/PytorchLightning/lightning-bolts.git@master --upgrade
In case you want to have full experience you can install all optional packages at once
pip install lightning-bolts["extra"]
Introduction Guide¶
Welcome to PyTorch Lightning Bolts!
Bolts is a Deep learning research and production toolbox of:
SOTA pretrained models.
Model components.
Callbacks.
Losses.
Datasets.
The Main goal of Bolts is to enable trying new ideas as fast as possible!
All models are tested (daily), benchmarked, documented and work on CPUs, TPUs, GPUs and 16-bit precision.
some examples!
from pl_bolts.models import VAE
from pl_bolts.models.vision import GPT2, ImageGPT, PixelCNN
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import AMDIM, CPC_v2, SimCLR, Moco_v2
from pl_bolts.models import LinearRegression, LogisticRegression
from pl_bolts.models.gans import GAN
from pl_bolts.callbacks import PrintTableMetricsCallback
from pl_bolts.datamodules import FashionMNISTDataModule, CIFAR10DataModule, ImagenetDataModule
Bolts are built for rapid idea iteration - subclass, override and train!
from pl_bolts.models.vision import ImageGPT
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
class VideoGPT(ImageGPT):
def training_step(self, batch, batch_idx):
x, y = batch
x = _shape_input(x)
logits = self.gpt(x)
simclr_features = self.simclr(x)
# -----------------
# do something new with GPT logits + simclr_features
# -----------------
loss = self.criterion(logits.view(-1, logits.size(-1)), x.view(-1).long())
logs = {"loss": loss}
return {"loss": loss, "log": logs}
Mix and match data, modules and components as you please!
model = GAN(datamodule=ImagenetDataModule(PATH))
model = GAN(datamodule=FashionMNISTDataModule(PATH))
model = ImageGPT(datamodule=FashionMNISTDataModule(PATH))
And train on any hardware accelerator
import pytorch_lightning as pl
model = ImageGPT(datamodule=FashionMNISTDataModule(PATH))
# cpus
pl.Trainer.fit(model)
# gpus
pl.Trainer(gpus=8).fit(model)
# tpus
pl.Trainer(tpu_cores=8).fit(model)
Or pass in any dataset of your choice
model = ImageGPT()
Trainer().fit(
model,
train_dataloader=DataLoader(...),
val_dataloader=DataLoader(...)
)
Community Built¶
Then lightning community builds bolts and contributes them to Bolts. The lightning team guarantees that contributions are:
Rigorously tested (CPUs, GPUs, TPUs).
Rigorously documented.
Standardized via PyTorch Lightning.
Optimized for speed.
Checked for correctness.
How to contribute¶
We accept contributions directly to Bolts or via your own repository.
Note
We encourage you to have your own repository so we can link to it via our docs!
To contribute:
Submit a pull request to Bolts (we will help you finish it!).
We’ll help you add tests.
We’ll help you refactor models to work on (GPU, TPU, CPU)..
We’ll help you remove bottlenecks in your model.
We’ll help you write up documentation.
We’ll help you pretrain expensive models and host weights for you.
We’ll create proper attribution for you and link to your repo.
Once all of this is ready, we will merge into bolts.
After your model or other contribution is in bolts, our team will make sure it maintains compatibility with the other components of the library!
Contribution ideas¶
Don’t have something to contribute? Ping us on Slack or look at our Github issues!
We’ll help and guide you through the implementation / conversion
When to use Bolts¶
For pretrained models¶
Most bolts have pretrained weights trained on various datasets or algorithms. This is useful when you don’t have enough data, time or money to do your own training.
For example, you could use a pretrained VAE to generate features for an image dataset.
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders import VAE
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import CPC_v2
model1 = VAE(input_height=32, pretrained='imagenet2012')
encoder = model1.encoder
encoder.eval()
# bolts are pretrained on different datasets
model2 = CPC_v2(encoder='resnet18', pretrained='imagenet128').freeze()
model3 = CPC_v2(encoder='resnet18', pretrained='stl10').freeze()
for (x, y) in own_data:
features = encoder(x)
feat2 = model2(x)
feat3 = model3(x)
# which is better?
To finetune on your data¶
If you have your own data, finetuning can often increase the performance. Since this is pure PyTorch you can use any finetuning protocol you prefer.
Example 1: Unfrozen finetune
# unfrozen finetune
model = CPC_v2(encoder='resnet18', pretrained='imagenet128')
resnet18 = model.encoder
# don't call .freeze()
classifier = LogisticRegression(...)
for (x, y) in own_data:
feats = resnet18(x)
y_hat = classifier(feats)
Example 2: Freeze then unfreeze
# FREEZE!
model = CPC_v2(encoder='resnet18', pretrained='imagenet128')
resnet18 = model.encoder
resnet18.eval()
classifier = LogisticRegression(...)
for epoch in epochs:
for (x, y) in own_data:
feats = resnet18(x)
y_hat = classifier(feats)
loss = cross_entropy_with_logits(y_hat, y)
# UNFREEZE after 10 epochs
if epoch == 10:
resnet18.unfreeze()
For research¶
Here is where bolts is very different than other libraries with models. It’s not just designed for production, but each module is written to be easily extended for research.
from pl_bolts.models.vision import ImageGPT
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
class VideoGPT(ImageGPT):
def training_step(self, batch, batch_idx):
x, y = batch
x = _shape_input(x)
logits = self.gpt(x)
simclr_features = self.simclr(x)
# -----------------
# do something new with GPT logits + simclr_features
# -----------------
loss = self.criterion(logits.view(-1, logits.size(-1)), x.view(-1).long())
logs = {"loss": loss}
return {"loss": loss, "log": logs}
Or perhaps your research is in self_supervised_learning and you want to do a new SimCLR. In this case, the only thing you want to change is the loss.
By subclassing you can focus on changing a single piece of a system without worrying that the other parts work (because if they are in Bolts, then they do and we’ve tested it).
# subclass SimCLR and change ONLY what you want to try
class ComplexCLR(SimCLR):
def init_loss(self):
return self.new_xent_loss
def new_xent_loss(self):
out = torch.cat([out_1, out_2], dim=0) n_samples = len(out)
# Full similarity matrix
cov = torch.mm(out, out.t().contiguous())
sim = torch.exp(cov / temperature)
# Negative similarity
mask = ~torch.eye(n_samples, device=sim.device).bool()
neg = sim.masked_select(mask).view(n_samples, -1).sum(dim=-1)
# ------------------
# some new thing we want to do
# ------------------
# Positive similarity :
pos = torch.exp(torch.sum(out_1 * out_2, dim=-1) / temperature)
pos = torch.cat([pos, pos], dim=0)
loss = -torch.log(pos / neg).mean()
return loss
Callbacks¶
Callbacks are arbitrary programs which can run at any points in time within a training loop in Lightning.
Bolts houses a collection of callbacks that are community contributed and can work in any Lightning Module!
from pl_bolts.callbacks import PrintTableMetricsCallback
import pytorch_lightning as pl
trainer = pl.Trainer(callbacks=[PrintTableMetricsCallback()])
DataModules¶
In PyTorch, working with data has these major elements.
Downloading, saving and preparing the dataset.
Splitting into train, val and test.
For each split, applying different transforms
A DataModule groups together those actions into a single reproducible DataModule that can be shared around to guarantee:
Consistent data preprocessing (download, splits, etc…)
The same exact splits
The same exact transforms
from pl_bolts.datamodules import ImagenetDataModule
dm = ImagenetDataModule(data_dir=PATH)
# standard PyTorch!
train_loader = dm.train_dataloader()
val_loader = dm.val_dataloader()
test_loader = dm.test_dataloader()
Trainer().fit(
model,
train_loader,
val_loader
)
But when paired with PyTorch LightningModules (all bolts models), you can plug and play full dataset definitions with the same splits, transforms, etc…
imagenet = ImagenetDataModule(PATH)
model = VAE(datamodule=imagenet)
model = ImageGPT(datamodule=imagenet)
model = GAN(datamodule=imagenet)
We even have prebuilt modules to bridge the gap between Numpy, Sklearn and PyTorch
from sklearn.datasets import load_diabetes
from pl_bolts.datamodules import SklearnDataModule
X, y = load_diabetes(return_X_y=True)
datamodule = SklearnDataModule(X, y)
model = LitModel(datamodule)
Regression Heroes¶
In case your job or research doesn’t need a “hammer”, we offer implementations of Classic ML models which benefit from lightning’s multi-GPU and TPU support.
So, now you can run huge workloads scalably, without needing to do any engineering. For instance, here we can run logistic Regression on Imagenet (each epoch takes about 3 minutes)!
from pl_bolts.models.regression import LogisticRegression
imagenet = ImagenetDataModule(PATH)
# 224 x 224 x 3
pixels_per_image = 150528
model = LogisticRegression(input_dim=pixels_per_image, num_classes=1000)
model.prepare_data = imagenet.prepare_data
trainer = Trainer(gpus=2)
trainer.fit(
model,
imagenet.train_dataloader(batch_size=256),
imagenet.val_dataloader(batch_size=256)
)
Linear Regression¶
Here’s an example for Linear regression
import pytorch_lightning as pl
from pl_bolts.datamodules import SklearnDataModule
from sklearn.datasets import load_diabetes
# link the numpy dataset to PyTorch
X, y = load_diabetes(return_X_y=True)
loaders = SklearnDataModule(X, y)
# training runs training batches while validating against a validation set
model = LinearRegression()
trainer = pl.Trainer(num_gpus=8)
trainer.fit(model, train_dataloader=loaders.train_dataloader(), val_dataloaders=loaders.val_dataloader())
Once you’re done, you can run the test set if needed.
trainer.test(test_dataloaders=loaders.test_dataloader())
But more importantly, you can scale up to many GPUs, TPUs or even CPUs
# 8 GPUs
trainer = pl.Trainer(num_gpus=8)
# 8 TPU cores
trainer = pl.Trainer(tpu_cores=8)
# 32 GPUs
trainer = pl.Trainer(num_gpus=8, num_nodes=4)
# 128 CPUs
trainer = pl.Trainer(num_processes=128)
Logistic Regression¶
Here’s an example for logistic regression
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from pl_bolts.models.regression import LogisticRegression
from pl_bolts.datamodules import SklearnDataModule
import pytorch_lightning as pl
# use any numpy or sklearn dataset
X, y = load_iris(return_X_y=True)
dm = SklearnDataModule(X, y, batch_size=12)
# build model
model = LogisticRegression(input_dim=4, num_classes=3)
# fit
trainer = pl.Trainer(tpu_cores=8, precision=16)
trainer.fit(model, train_dataloader=dm.train_dataloader(), val_dataloaders=dm.val_dataloader())
trainer.test(test_dataloaders=dm.test_dataloader())
Any input will be flattened across all dimensions except the first one (batch). This means images, sound, etc… work out of the box.
# create dataset
dm = MNISTDataModule(num_workers=0, data_dir=tmpdir)
model = LogisticRegression(input_dim=28 * 28, num_classes=10, learning_rate=0.001)
model.prepare_data = dm.prepare_data
model.train_dataloader = dm.train_dataloader
model.val_dataloader = dm.val_dataloader
model.test_dataloader = dm.test_dataloader
trainer = pl.Trainer(max_epochs=2)
trainer.fit(model)
trainer.test(model)
# {test_acc: 0.92}
But more importantly, you can scale up to many GPUs, TPUs or even CPUs
# 8 GPUs
trainer = pl.Trainer(num_gpus=8)
# 8 TPUs
trainer = pl.Trainer(tpu_cores=8)
# 32 GPUs
trainer = pl.Trainer(num_gpus=8, num_nodes=4)
# 128 CPUs
trainer = pl.Trainer(num_processes=128)
Regular PyTorch¶
Everything in bolts also works with regular PyTorch since they are all just nn.Modules!
However, if you train using Lightning you don’t have to deal with engineering code :)
Command line support¶
Any bolt module can also be trained from the command line
cd pl_bolts/models/autoencoders/basic_vae
python basic_vae_pl_module.py
Each script accepts Argparse arguments for both the lightning trainer and the model
python basic_vae_pl_module.py --latent_dim 32 --batch_size 32 --gpus 4 --max_epochs 12
Monitoring Callbacks¶
These callbacks give all sorts of useful information during training.
Print Table Metrics¶
This callback prints training metrics to a table. It’s very bare-bones for speed purposes.
- class pl_bolts.callbacks.printing.PrintTableMetricsCallback[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.callbacks.
Prints a table with the metrics in columns on every epoch end.
Example:
from pl_bolts.callbacks import PrintTableMetricsCallback callback = PrintTableMetricsCallback()
Pass into trainer like so:
trainer = pl.Trainer(callbacks=[callback]) trainer.fit(...) # ------------------------------ # at the end of every epoch it will print # ------------------------------ # loss│train_loss│val_loss│epoch # ────────────────────────────── # 2.2541470527648926│2.2541470527648926│2.2158432006835938│0
Data Monitoring in LightningModule¶
The data monitoring callbacks allow you to log and inspect the distribution of data that passes through
the training step and layers of the model. When used in combination with a supported logger, the
TrainingDataMonitor
creates a histogram for each batch input in
training_step()
and sends it to the logger:
from pl_bolts.callbacks import TrainingDataMonitor
from pytorch_lightning import Trainer
# log the histograms of input data sent to LightningModule.training_step
monitor = TrainingDataMonitor(log_every_n_steps=25)
model = YourLightningModule()
trainer = Trainer(callbacks=[monitor])
trainer.fit()
The second, more advanced ModuleDataMonitor
callback tracks histograms for the data that passes through
the model itself and its submodules, i.e., it tracks all .forward() calls and registers the in- and outputs.
You can track all or just a selection of submodules:
from pl_bolts.callbacks import ModuleDataMonitor
from pytorch_lightning import Trainer
# log the in- and output histograms of LightningModule's `forward`
monitor = ModuleDataMonitor()
# all submodules in LightningModule
monitor = ModuleDataMonitor(submodules=True)
# specific submodules
monitor = ModuleDataMonitor(submodules=["generator", "generator.conv1"])
model = YourLightningModule()
trainer = Trainer(callbacks=[monitor])
trainer.fit()
This is especially useful for debugging the data flow in complex models and to identify numerical instabilities.
Model Verification¶
Gradient-Check for Batch-Optimization¶
Gradient descent over a batch of samples can not only benefit the optimization but also leverages data parallelism. However, one has to be careful not to mix data across the batch dimension. Only a small error in a reshape or permutation operation results in the optimization getting stuck and you won’t even get a runtime error. How can one tell if the model mixes data in the batch? A simple trick is to do the following:
run the model on an example batch (can be random data)
get the output batch and select the n-th sample (choose n)
compute a dummy loss value of only that sample and compute the gradient w.r.t the entire input batch
observe that only the i-th sample in the input batch has non-zero gradient
If the gradient is non-zero for the other samples in the batch, it means the forward pass of the model is mixing data!
The BatchGradientVerificationCallback
does all of that for you before training begins.
from pytorch_lightning import Trainer
from pl_bolts.callbacks import BatchGradientVerificationCallback
model = YourLightningModule()
verification = BatchGradientVerificationCallback()
trainer = Trainer(callbacks=[verification])
trainer.fit(model)
This Callback will warn the user with the following message in case data mixing inside the batch is detected:
Your model is mixing data across the batch dimension.
This can lead to wrong gradient updates in the optimizer.
Check the operations that reshape and permute tensor dimensions in your model.
A non-Callback version
BatchGradientVerification
that works with any PyTorch Module
is also available:
from pl_bolts.utils import BatchGradientVerification
model = YourPyTorchModel()
verification = BatchGradientVerification(model)
valid = verification.check(input_array=torch.rand(2, 3, 4), sample_idx=1)
In this example we run the test on a batch size 2 by inspecting gradients on the second sample.
Torch ORT Callback¶
Torch ORT converts your model into an optimized ONNX graph, speeding up training & inference when using NVIDIA or AMD GPUs. See installation instructions here.
This is primarily useful for when training with a Transformer model. The ORT callback works when a single model is specified as self.model within the LightningModule
as shown below.
Note
Not all Transformer models are supported. See this table for supported models + branches containing fixes for certain models.
from pytorch_lightning import LightningModule, Trainer
from transformers import AutoModel
from pl_bolts.callbacks import ORTCallback
class MyTransformerModel(LightningModule):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.model = AutoModel.from_pretrained('bert-base-cased')
...
model = MyTransformerModel()
trainer = Trainer(gpus=1, callbacks=ORTCallback())
trainer.fit(model)
For even easier setup and integration, have a look at our Lightning Flash integration for Text Classification, Translation and Summarization.
SparseML Callback¶
SparseML allows you to leverage sparsity to improve inference times substantially.
SparseML requires you to fine-tune your model with the SparseMLCallback
+ a SparseML Recipe. By training with the SparseMLCallback
, you can leverage the DeepSparse engine to exploit the introduced sparsity, resulting in large performance improvements.
Warning
The SparseML callback requires the model to be ONNX exportable. This can be tricky when the model requires dynamic sequence lengths such as RNNs.
To use leverage SparseML & DeepSparse follow the below steps:
1. Choose your Sparse Recipe¶
To choose a recipe, have a look at recipes and Sparse Zoo.
It may be easier to infer a recipe via the UI dashboard using Sparsify which allows you to tweak and configure a recipe.
This requires to import an ONNX model, which you can get from your LightningModule
by doing model.to_onnx(output_path)
.
2. Train with SparseMLCallback¶
from pytorch_lightning import LightningModule, Trainer
from pl_bolts.callbacks import SparseMLCallback
class MyModel(LightningModule):
...
model = MyModel()
trainer = Trainer(
callbacks=SparseMLCallback(recipe_path='recipe.yaml')
)
3. Export to ONNX!¶
Using the helper function, we handle any quantization/pruning internally and export the model into ONNX format.
Note this assumes either you have implemented the property example_input_array
in the model or you must provide a sample batch as below.
import torch
model = MyModel()
...
# export the onnx model, using the `model.example_input_array`
SparseMLCallback.export_to_sparse_onnx(model, 'onnx_export/')
# export the onnx model, providing a sample batch
SparseMLCallback.export_to_sparse_onnx(model, 'onnx_export/', sample_batch=torch.randn(1, 128, 128, dtype=torch.float32))
Once your model has been exported, you can import this into either Sparsify or DeepSparse.
Sklearn Datamodule¶
Utilities to map sklearn or numpy datasets to PyTorch Dataloaders with automatic data splits and GPU/TPU support.
from sklearn.datasets import load_diabetes
from pl_bolts.datamodules import SklearnDataModule
X, y = load_diabetes(return_X_y=True)
loaders = SklearnDataModule(X, y)
train_loader = loaders.train_dataloader(batch_size=32)
val_loader = loaders.val_dataloader(batch_size=32)
test_loader = loaders.test_dataloader(batch_size=32)
Or build your own torch datasets
from sklearn.datasets import load_diabetes
from pl_bolts.datamodules import SklearnDataset
X, y = load_diabetes(return_X_y=True)
dataset = SklearnDataset(X, y)
loader = DataLoader(dataset)
Sklearn Dataset Class¶
Transforms a sklearn or numpy dataset to a PyTorch Dataset.
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.sklearn_datamodule.SklearnDataset(X, y, X_transform=None, y_transform=None)[source]
Bases:
torch.utils.data.
Mapping between numpy (or sklearn) datasets to PyTorch datasets.
Example
>>> from sklearn.datasets import load_diabetes >>> from pl_bolts.datamodules import SklearnDataset ... >>> X, y = load_diabetes(return_X_y=True) >>> dataset = SklearnDataset(X, y) >>> len(dataset) 442
Sklearn DataModule Class¶
Automatically generates the train, validation and test splits for a Numpy dataset. They are set up as dataloaders for convenience. Optionally, you can pass in your own validation and test splits.
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.sklearn_datamodule.SklearnDataModule(X, y, x_val=None, y_val=None, x_test=None, y_test=None, val_split=0.2, test_split=0.1, num_workers=0, random_state=1234, shuffle=True, batch_size=16, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Automatically generates the train, validation and test splits for a Numpy dataset. They are set up as dataloaders for convenience. Optionally, you can pass in your own validation and test splits.
Example
>>> from sklearn.datasets import load_diabetes >>> from pl_bolts.datamodules import SklearnDataModule ... >>> X, y = load_diabetes(return_X_y=True) >>> loaders = SklearnDataModule(X, y, batch_size=32) ... >>> # train set >>> train_loader = loaders.train_dataloader() >>> len(train_loader.dataset) 310 >>> len(train_loader) 10 >>> # validation set >>> val_loader = loaders.val_dataloader() >>> len(val_loader.dataset) 88 >>> len(val_loader) 3 >>> # test set >>> test_loader = loaders.test_dataloader() >>> len(test_loader.dataset) 44 >>> len(test_loader) 2
Vision DataModules¶
The following are pre-built datamodules for computer-vision.
Supervised learning¶
These are standard vision datasets with the train, test, val splits pre-generated in DataLoaders with the standard transforms (and Normalization) values
BinaryEMNIST¶
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.binary_emnist_datamodule.BinaryEMNISTDataModule(data_dir=None, split='mnist', val_split=0.2, num_workers=0, normalize=False, batch_size=32, seed=42, shuffle=True, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False, strict_val_split=False, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Please see
EMNISTDataModule
for more details.Example:
from pl_bolts.datamodules import BinaryEMNISTDataModule dm = BinaryEMNISTDataModule('.') model = LitModel() Trainer().fit(model, datamodule=dm)
- Parameters
split¶ (
str
) – The dataset has 6 different splits:byclass
,bymerge
,balanced
,letters
,digits
andmnist
. This argument is passed totorchvision.datasets.EMNIST
.val_split¶ (
Union
[int
,float
]) – Percent (float) or number (int) of samples to use for the validation split.num_workers¶ (
int
) – How many workers to use for loading dataseed¶ (
int
) – Random seed to be used for train/val/test splits.shuffle¶ (
bool
) – IfTrue
, shuffles the train data every epoch.pin_memory¶ (
bool
) – IfTrue
, the data loader will copy Tensors into CUDA pinned memory before returning them.drop_last¶ (
bool
) – IfTrue
, drops the last incomplete batch.strict_val_split¶ (
bool
) – IfTrue
, uses the validation split defined in the paper and ignoresval_split
. Note that it only works with"balanced"
,"digits"
,"letters"
,"mnist"
splits.
BinaryMNIST¶
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.binary_mnist_datamodule.BinaryMNISTDataModule(data_dir=None, val_split=0.2, num_workers=0, normalize=False, batch_size=32, seed=42, shuffle=True, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
- Specs:
10 classes (1 per digit)
Each image is (1 x 28 x 28)
Binary MNIST, train, val, test splits and transforms
Transforms:
mnist_transforms = transform_lib.Compose([ transform_lib.ToTensor() ])
Example:
from pl_bolts.datamodules import BinaryMNISTDataModule dm = BinaryMNISTDataModule('.') model = LitModel() Trainer().fit(model, datamodule=dm)
- Parameters
val_split¶ (
Union
[int
,float
]) – Percent (float) or number (int) of samples to use for the validation splitnum_workers¶ (
int
) – How many workers to use for loading dataseed¶ (
int
) – Random seed to be used for train/val/test splitsshuffle¶ (
bool
) – If true shuffles the train data every epochpin_memory¶ (
bool
) – If true, the data loader will copy Tensors into CUDA pinned memory before returning them
CityScapes¶
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.cityscapes_datamodule.CityscapesDataModule(data_dir, quality_mode='fine', target_type='instance', num_workers=0, batch_size=32, seed=42, shuffle=True, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Standard Cityscapes, train, val, test splits and transforms
- Note: You need to have downloaded the Cityscapes dataset first and provide the path to where it is saved.
You can download the dataset here: https://www.cityscapes-dataset.com/
- Specs:
30 classes (road, person, sidewalk, etc…)
(image, target) - image dims: (3 x 1024 x 2048), target dims: (1024 x 2048)
Transforms:
transforms = transform_lib.Compose([ transform_lib.ToTensor(), transform_lib.Normalize( mean=[0.28689554, 0.32513303, 0.28389177], std=[0.18696375, 0.19017339, 0.18720214] ) ])
Example:
from pl_bolts.datamodules import CityscapesDataModule dm = CityscapesDataModule(PATH) model = LitModel() Trainer().fit(model, datamodule=dm)
Or you can set your own transforms
Example:
dm.train_transforms = ... dm.test_transforms = ... dm.val_transforms = ... dm.target_transforms = ...
- Parameters
data_dir¶ (
str
) – where to load the data from path, i.e. where directory leftImg8bit and gtFine or gtCoarse are locatedquality_mode¶ (
str
) – the quality mode to use, either ‘fine’ or ‘coarse’target_type¶ (
str
) – targets to use, either ‘instance’ or ‘semantic’num_workers¶ (
int
) – how many workers to use for loading databatch_size¶ (
int
) – number of examples per training/eval stepseed¶ (
int
) – random seed to be used for train/val/test splitspin_memory¶ (
bool
) – If true, the data loader will copy Tensors into CUDA pinned memory before returning them
CIFAR-10¶
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.cifar10_datamodule.CIFAR10DataModule(data_dir=None, val_split=0.2, num_workers=0, normalize=False, batch_size=32, seed=42, shuffle=True, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
- Specs:
10 classes (1 per class)
Each image is (3 x 32 x 32)
Standard CIFAR10, train, val, test splits and transforms
Transforms:
mnist_transforms = transform_lib.Compose([ transform_lib.ToTensor(), transforms.Normalize( mean=[x / 255.0 for x in [125.3, 123.0, 113.9]], std=[x / 255.0 for x in [63.0, 62.1, 66.7]] ) ])
Example:
from pl_bolts.datamodules import CIFAR10DataModule dm = CIFAR10DataModule(PATH) model = LitModel() Trainer().fit(model, datamodule=dm)
Or you can set your own transforms
Example:
dm.train_transforms = ... dm.test_transforms = ... dm.val_transforms = ...
- Parameters
val_split¶ (
Union
[int
,float
]) – Percent (float) or number (int) of samples to use for the validation splitnum_workers¶ (
int
) – How many workers to use for loading dataseed¶ (
int
) – Random seed to be used for train/val/test splitsshuffle¶ (
bool
) – If true shuffles the train data every epochpin_memory¶ (
bool
) – If true, the data loader will copy Tensors into CUDA pinned memory before returning them
EMNIST¶
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.emnist_datamodule.EMNISTDataModule(data_dir=None, split='mnist', val_split=0.2, num_workers=0, normalize=False, batch_size=32, seed=42, shuffle=True, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False, strict_val_split=False, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
¶ Split Name
No. classes
Train set size
Test set size
Validation set
Total size
"byclass"
62
697,932
116,323
No
814,255
"byclass"
62
697,932
116,323
No
814,255
"bymerge"
47
697,932
116,323
No
814,255
"balanced"
47
112,800
18,800
Yes
131,600
"digits"
10
240,000
40,000
Yes
280,000
"letters"
37
88,800
14,800
Yes
103,600
"mnist"
10
60,000
10,000
Yes
70,000
Here is the default EMNIST, train, val, test-splits and transforms.
Transforms:
emnist_transforms = transform_lib.Compose([ transform_lib.ToTensor(), ])
Example:
from pl_bolts.datamodules import EMNISTDataModule dm = EMNISTDataModule('.') model = LitModel() Trainer().fit(model, datamodule=dm)
- Parameters
split¶ (
str
) – The dataset has 6 different splits:byclass
,bymerge
,balanced
,letters
,digits
andmnist
. This argument is passed totorchvision.datasets.EMNIST
.val_split¶ (
Union
[int
,float
]) – Percent (float) or number (int) of samples to use for the validation split.num_workers¶ (
int
) – How many workers to use for loading dataseed¶ (
int
) – Random seed to be used for train/val/test splits.shuffle¶ (
bool
) – IfTrue
, shuffles the train data every epoch.pin_memory¶ (
bool
) – IfTrue
, the data loader will copy Tensors into CUDA pinned memory before returning them.drop_last¶ (
bool
) – IfTrue
, drops the last incomplete batch.strict_val_split¶ (
bool
) – IfTrue
, uses the validation split defined in the paper and ignoresval_split
. Note that it only works with"balanced"
,"digits"
,"letters"
,"mnist"
splits.
FashionMNIST¶
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.fashion_mnist_datamodule.FashionMNISTDataModule(data_dir=None, val_split=0.2, num_workers=0, normalize=False, batch_size=32, seed=42, shuffle=True, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
- Specs:
10 classes (1 per type)
Each image is (1 x 28 x 28)
Standard FashionMNIST, train, val, test splits and transforms
Transforms:
mnist_transforms = transform_lib.Compose([ transform_lib.ToTensor() ])
Example:
from pl_bolts.datamodules import FashionMNISTDataModule dm = FashionMNISTDataModule('.') model = LitModel() Trainer().fit(model, datamodule=dm)
- Parameters
val_split¶ (
Union
[int
,float
]) – Percent (float) or number (int) of samples to use for the validation splitnum_workers¶ (
int
) – How many workers to use for loading dataseed¶ (
int
) – Random seed to be used for train/val/test splitsshuffle¶ (
bool
) – If true shuffles the train data every epochpin_memory¶ (
bool
) – If true, the data loader will copy Tensors into CUDA pinned memory before returning them
Imagenet¶
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.imagenet_datamodule.ImagenetDataModule(data_dir, meta_dir=None, num_imgs_per_val_class=50, image_size=224, num_workers=0, batch_size=32, shuffle=True, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
- Specs:
1000 classes
Each image is (3 x varies x varies) (here we default to 3 x 224 x 224)
Imagenet train, val and test dataloaders.
The train set is the imagenet train.
The val set is taken from the train set with num_imgs_per_val_class images per class. For example if num_imgs_per_val_class=2 then there will be 2,000 images in the validation set.
The test set is the official imagenet validation set.
Example:
from pl_bolts.datamodules import ImagenetDataModule dm = ImagenetDataModule(IMAGENET_PATH) model = LitModel() Trainer().fit(model, datamodule=dm)
- Parameters
- prepare_data()[source]¶
This method already assumes you have imagenet2012 downloaded. It validates the data using the meta.bin.
Warning
Please download imagenet on your own first.
- Return type
- train_dataloader()[source]¶
Uses the train split of imagenet2012 and puts away a portion of it for the validation split.
- Return type
- train_transform()[source]¶
The standard imagenet transforms.
transform_lib.Compose([ transform_lib.RandomResizedCrop(self.image_size), transform_lib.RandomHorizontalFlip(), transform_lib.ToTensor(), transform_lib.Normalize( mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225] ), ])
- Return type
- val_dataloader()[source]¶
Uses the part of the train split of imagenet2012 that was not used for training via num_imgs_per_val_class
- Parameters
- Return type
- val_transform()[source]¶
The standard imagenet transforms for validation.
transform_lib.Compose([ transform_lib.Resize(self.image_size + 32), transform_lib.CenterCrop(self.image_size), transform_lib.ToTensor(), transform_lib.Normalize( mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225] ), ])
- Return type
MNIST¶
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.mnist_datamodule.MNISTDataModule(data_dir=None, val_split=0.2, num_workers=0, normalize=False, batch_size=32, seed=42, shuffle=True, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
- Specs:
10 classes (1 per digit)
Each image is (1 x 28 x 28)
Standard MNIST, train, val, test splits and transforms
Transforms:
mnist_transforms = transform_lib.Compose([ transform_lib.ToTensor() ])
Example:
from pl_bolts.datamodules import MNISTDataModule dm = MNISTDataModule('.') model = LitModel() Trainer().fit(model, datamodule=dm)
- Parameters
val_split¶ (
Union
[int
,float
]) – Percent (float) or number (int) of samples to use for the validation splitnum_workers¶ (
int
) – How many workers to use for loading dataseed¶ (
int
) – Random seed to be used for train/val/test splitsshuffle¶ (
bool
) – If true shuffles the train data every epochpin_memory¶ (
bool
) – If true, the data loader will copy Tensors into CUDA pinned memory before returning them
Semi-supervised learning¶
The following datasets have support for unlabeled training and semi-supervised learning where only a few examples are labeled.
Imagenet (ssl)¶
STL-10¶
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.stl10_datamodule.STL10DataModule(data_dir=None, unlabeled_val_split=5000, train_val_split=500, num_workers=0, batch_size=32, seed=42, shuffle=True, pin_memory=True, drop_last=False, *args, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
- Specs:
10 classes (1 per type)
Each image is (3 x 96 x 96)
Standard STL-10, train, val, test splits and transforms. STL-10 has support for doing validation splits on the labeled or unlabeled splits
Transforms:
mnist_transforms = transform_lib.Compose([ transform_lib.ToTensor(), transforms.Normalize( mean=(0.43, 0.42, 0.39), std=(0.27, 0.26, 0.27) ) ])
Example:
from pl_bolts.datamodules import STL10DataModule dm = STL10DataModule(PATH) model = LitModel() Trainer().fit(model, datamodule=dm)
- Parameters
unlabeled_val_split¶ (
int
) – how many images from the unlabeled training split to use for validationtrain_val_split¶ (
int
) – how many images from the labeled training split to use for validationnum_workers¶ (
int
) – how many workers to use for loading dataseed¶ (
int
) – random seed to be used for train/val/test splitspin_memory¶ (
bool
) – If true, the data loader will copy Tensors into CUDA pinned memory before returning them
- train_dataloader()[source]¶
Loads the ‘unlabeled’ split minus a portion set aside for validation via unlabeled_val_split.
- Return type
- train_dataloader_mixed()[source]¶
Loads a portion of the ‘unlabeled’ training data and ‘train’ (labeled) data. both portions have a subset removed for validation via unlabeled_val_split and train_val_split
- Parameters
- Return type
- val_dataloader()[source]¶
Loads a portion of the ‘unlabeled’ training data set aside for validation.
The val dataset = (unlabeled - train_val_split)
- Parameters
- Return type
- val_dataloader_mixed()[source]¶
Loads a portion of the ‘unlabeled’ training data set aside for validation along with the portion of the ‘train’ dataset to be used for validation.
unlabeled_val = (unlabeled - train_val_split)
labeled_val = (train- train_val_split)
full_val = unlabeled_val + labeled_val
- Parameters
- Return type
Debug Datasets¶
DummyDataset¶
- class pl_bolts.datasets.dummy_dataset.DummyDataset(*shapes, num_samples=10000)[source]
Bases:
torch.utils.data.
Generate a dummy dataset.
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.datasets import DummyDataset >>> from torch.utils.data import DataLoader >>> # mnist dims >>> ds = DummyDataset((1, 28, 28), (1, )) >>> dl = DataLoader(ds, batch_size=7) >>> # get first batch >>> batch = next(iter(dl)) >>> x, y = batch >>> x.size() torch.Size([7, 1, 28, 28]) >>> y.size() torch.Size([7, 1])
DummyDetectionDataset¶
- class pl_bolts.datasets.dummy_dataset.DummyDetectionDataset(img_shape=(3, 256, 256), num_boxes=1, num_classes=2, num_samples=10000)[source]
Bases:
torch.utils.data.
Generate a dummy dataset for detection.
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.datasets import DummyDetectionDataset >>> from torch.utils.data import DataLoader >>> ds = DummyDetectionDataset() >>> dl = DataLoader(ds, batch_size=7)
RandomDataset¶
- class pl_bolts.datasets.dummy_dataset.RandomDataset(size, num_samples=250)[source]
Bases:
torch.utils.data.
Generate a dummy dataset.
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.datasets import RandomDataset >>> from torch.utils.data import DataLoader >>> ds = RandomDataset(10) >>> dl = DataLoader(ds, batch_size=7)
RandomDictDataset¶
- class pl_bolts.datasets.dummy_dataset.RandomDictDataset(size, num_samples=250)[source]
Bases:
torch.utils.data.
Generate a dummy dataset with a dict structure.
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.datasets import RandomDictDataset >>> from torch.utils.data import DataLoader >>> ds = RandomDictDataset(10) >>> dl = DataLoader(ds, batch_size=7)
RandomDictStringDataset¶
- class pl_bolts.datasets.dummy_dataset.RandomDictStringDataset(size, num_samples=250)[source]
Bases:
torch.utils.data.
Generate a dummy dataset with strings.
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.datasets import RandomDictStringDataset >>> from torch.utils.data import DataLoader >>> ds = RandomDictStringDataset(10) >>> dl = DataLoader(ds, batch_size=7)
Deprecated Modules¶
Below is a list of deprecated modules in Lightning Bolts.
These modules are not being actively maintained by the Lightning Team, however we welcome the community to help keep them up to date!
Self-supervised Callbacks¶
Useful callbacks for self-supervised learning models
BYOLMAWeightUpdate¶
The exponential moving average weight-update rule from Bootstrap Your Own Latent (BYOL).
- class pl_bolts.callbacks.byol_updates.BYOLMAWeightUpdate(initial_tau=0.996)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Weight update rule from BYOL.
Your model should have:
self.online_network
self.target_network
Updates the target_network params using an exponential moving average update rule weighted by tau. BYOL claims this keeps the online_network from collapsing.
Note
Automatically increases tau from
initial_tau
to 1.0 with every training stepExample:
# model must have 2 attributes model = Model() model.online_network = ... model.target_network = ... trainer = Trainer(callbacks=[BYOLMAWeightUpdate()])
SSLOnlineEvaluator¶
Appends a MLP for fine-tuning to the given model. Callback has its own mini-inner loop.
- class pl_bolts.callbacks.ssl_online.SSLOnlineEvaluator(z_dim, drop_p=0.2, hidden_dim=None, num_classes=None, dataset=None)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Attaches a MLP for fine-tuning using the standard self-supervised protocol.
Example:
# your datamodule must have 2 attributes dm = DataModule() dm.num_classes = ... # the num of classes in the datamodule dm.name = ... # name of the datamodule (e.g. ImageNet, STL10, CIFAR10) # your model must have 1 attribute model = Model() model.z_dim = ... # the representation dim online_eval = SSLOnlineEvaluator( z_dim=model.z_dim )
Variational Callbacks¶
Useful callbacks for GANs, variational-autoencoders or anything with latent spaces.
Latent Dim Interpolator¶
Interpolates latent dims.
Example output:
- class pl_bolts.callbacks.variational.LatentDimInterpolator(interpolate_epoch_interval=20, range_start=- 5, range_end=5, steps=11, num_samples=2, normalize=True)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.callbacks.
Interpolates the latent space for a model by setting all dims to zero and stepping through the first two dims increasing one unit at a time.
Default interpolates between [-5, 5] (-5, -4, -3, …, 3, 4, 5)
Example:
from pl_bolts.callbacks import LatentDimInterpolator Trainer(callbacks=[LatentDimInterpolator()])
Vision Callbacks¶
Useful callbacks for vision models
Confused Logit¶
Shows how the input would have to change to move the prediction from one logit to the other
Example outputs:
- class pl_bolts.callbacks.vision.confused_logit.ConfusedLogitCallback(top_k, min_logit_value=5.0, logging_batch_interval=20, max_logit_difference=0.1)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Takes the logit predictions of a model and when the probabilities of two classes are very close, the model doesn’t have high certainty that it should pick one vs the other class.
This callback shows how the input would have to change to swing the model from one label prediction to the other.
In this case, the network predicts a 5… but gives almost equal probability to an 8. The images show what about the original 5 would have to change to make it more like a 5 or more like an 8.
For each confused logit the confused images are generated by taking the gradient from a logit wrt an input for the top two closest logits.
Example:
from pl_bolts.callbacks.vision import ConfusedLogitCallback trainer = Trainer(callbacks=[ConfusedLogitCallback()])
Note
Whenever called, this model will look for
self.last_batch
andself.last_logits
in the LightningModule.Note
This callback supports tensorboard only right now.
Authored by:
Alfredo Canziani
- Parameters
projection_factor¶ – How much to multiply the input image to make it look more like this logit label
min_logit_value¶ (
float
) – Only consider logit values above this thresholdlogging_batch_interval¶ (
int
) – How frequently to inspect/potentially plot somethingmax_logit_difference¶ (
float
) – When the top 2 logits are within this threshold we consider them confused
Tensorboard Image Generator¶
Generates images from a generative model and plots to tensorboard
- class pl_bolts.callbacks.vision.image_generation.TensorboardGenerativeModelImageSampler(num_samples=3, nrow=8, padding=2, normalize=False, norm_range=None, scale_each=False, pad_value=0)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Generates images and logs to tensorboard. Your model must implement the
forward
function for generation.Requirements:
# model must have img_dim arg model.img_dim = (1, 28, 28) # model forward must work for sampling z = torch.rand(batch_size, latent_dim) img_samples = your_model(z)
Example:
from pl_bolts.callbacks import TensorboardGenerativeModelImageSampler trainer = Trainer(callbacks=[TensorboardGenerativeModelImageSampler()])
- Parameters
num_samples¶ (
int
) – Number of images displayed in the grid. Default:3
.nrow¶ (
int
) – Number of images displayed in each row of the grid. The final grid size is(B / nrow, nrow)
. Default:8
.normalize¶ (
bool
) – IfTrue
, shift the image to the range (0, 1), by the min and max values specified byrange
. Default:False
.norm_range¶ (
Optional
[Tuple
[int
,int
]]) – Tuple (min, max) where min and max are numbers, then these numbers are used to normalize the image. By default, min and max are computed from the tensor.scale_each¶ (
bool
) – IfTrue
, scale each image in the batch of images separately rather than the (min, max) over all images. Default:False
.
AsynchronousLoader¶
This dataloader behaves identically to the standard pytorch dataloader, but will transfer data asynchronously to the GPU with training. You can also use it to wrap an existing dataloader.
Example:
dataloader = AsynchronousLoader(DataLoader(ds, batch_size=16), device=device)
for b in dataloader:
...
- class pl_bolts.datamodules.async_dataloader.AsynchronousLoader(data, device=torch.device, q_size=10, num_batches=None, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
object
Class for asynchronously loading from CPU memory to device memory with DataLoader.
Note that this only works for single GPU training, multiGPU uses PyTorch’s DataParallel or DistributedDataParallel which uses its own code for transferring data across GPUs. This could just break or make things slower with DataParallel or DistributedDataParallel.
- Parameters
data¶ (
Union
[DataLoader
,Dataset
]) – The PyTorch Dataset or DataLoader we’re using to load.device¶ (
device
) – The PyTorch device we are loading toq_size¶ (
int
) – Size of the queue used to store the data loaded to the devicenum_batches¶ (
Optional
[int
]) – Number of batches to load. This must be set if the dataloader doesn’t have a finite __len__. It will also override DataLoader.__len__ if set and DataLoader has a __len__. Otherwise it can be left as None**kwargs¶ – Any additional arguments to pass to the dataloader if we’re constructing one here
Object Detection¶
These are common losses used in object detection.
GIoU Loss¶
- pl_bolts.losses.object_detection.giou_loss(preds, target)[source]
Calculates the generalized intersection over union loss.
It has been proposed in Generalized Intersection over Union: A Metric and A Loss for Bounding Box Regression.
- Parameters
Example
>>> import torch >>> from pl_bolts.losses.object_detection import giou_loss >>> preds = torch.tensor([[100, 100, 200, 200]]) >>> target = torch.tensor([[150, 150, 250, 250]]) >>> giou_loss(preds, target) tensor([[1.0794]])
- Return type
- Returns
GIoU loss in an NxM tensor containing the pairwise GIoU loss for every element in preds and target, where N is the number of prediction bounding boxes and M is the number of target bounding boxes
IoU Loss¶
- pl_bolts.losses.object_detection.iou_loss(preds, target)[source]
Calculates the intersection over union loss.
- Parameters
Example
>>> import torch >>> from pl_bolts.losses.object_detection import iou_loss >>> preds = torch.tensor([[100, 100, 200, 200]]) >>> target = torch.tensor([[150, 150, 250, 250]]) >>> iou_loss(preds, target) tensor([[0.8571]])
- Return type
- Returns
IoU loss
Reinforcement Learning¶
These are common losses used in RL.
DQN Loss¶
- pl_bolts.losses.rl.dqn_loss(batch, net, target_net, gamma=0.99)[source]
Calculates the mse loss using a mini batch from the replay buffer.
Double DQN Loss¶
- pl_bolts.losses.rl.double_dqn_loss(batch, net, target_net, gamma=0.99)[source]
Calculates the mse loss using a mini batch from the replay buffer. This uses an improvement to the original DQN loss by using the double dqn. This is shown by using the actions of the train network to pick the value from the target network. This code is heavily commented in order to explain the process clearly.
Per DQN Loss¶
- pl_bolts.losses.rl.per_dqn_loss(batch, batch_weights, net, target_net, gamma=0.99)[source]
Calculates the mse loss with the priority weights of the batch from the PER buffer.
- Parameters
- Return type
- Returns
loss and batch_weights
How to use models¶
Models are meant to be “bolted” onto your research or production cases.
Bolts are meant to be used in the following ways
Predicting on your data¶
Most bolts have pretrained weights trained on various datasets or algorithms. This is useful when you don’t have enough data, time or money to do your own training.
For example, you could use a pretrained VAE to generate features for an image dataset.
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/simclr/bolts_simclr_imagenet/simclr_imagenet.ckpt'
simclr = SimCLR.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
encoder = simclr.encoder
encoder.eval()
for (x, y) in own_data:
features = encoder(x)
The advantage of bolts is that each system can be decomposed and used in interesting ways. For instance, this resnet50 was trained using self-supervised learning (no labels) on Imagenet, and thus might perform better than the same resnet50 trained with labels
# trained without labels
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/simclr/bolts_simclr_imagenet/simclr_imagenet.ckpt'
simclr = SimCLR.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
resnet50_unsupervised = simclr.encoder.eval()
# trained with labels
from torchvision.models import resnet50
resnet50_supervised = resnet50(pretrained=True)
# perhaps the features when trained without labels are much better for classification or other tasks
x = image_sample()
unsup_feats = resnet50_unsupervised(x)
sup_feats = resnet50_supervised(x)
# which one will be better?
Bolts are often trained on more than just one dataset.
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
# imagenet weights
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/simclr/bolts_simclr_imagenet/simclr_imagenet.ckpt'
simclr = SimCLR.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
simclr.freeze()
Finetuning on your data¶
If you have a little bit of data and can pay for a bit of training, it’s often better to finetune on your own data.
To finetune you have two options unfrozen finetuning or unfrozen later.
Unfrozen Finetuning¶
In this approach, we load the pretrained model and unfreeze from the beginning
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/simclr/bolts_simclr_imagenet/simclr_imagenet.ckpt'
simclr = SimCLR.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
resnet50 = simclr.encoder
# don't call .freeze()
classifier = LogisticRegression(...)
for (x, y) in own_data:
feats = resnet50(x)
y_hat = classifier(feats)
...
Or as a LightningModule
class FineTuner(pl.LightningModule):
def __init__(self, encoder):
self.encoder = encoder
self.classifier = LogisticRegression(...)
def training_step(self, batch, batch_idx):
(x, y) = batch
feats = self.encoder(x)
y_hat = self.classifier(feats)
loss = cross_entropy_with_logits(y_hat, y)
return loss
trainer = Trainer(gpus=2)
model = FineTuner(resnet50)
trainer.fit(model)
Sometimes this works well, but more often it’s better to keep the encoder frozen for a while
Freeze then unfreeze¶
The approach that works best most often is to freeze first then unfreeze later
# freeze!
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/simclr/bolts_simclr_imagenet/simclr_imagenet.ckpt'
simclr = SimCLR.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
resnet50 = simclr.encoder
resnet50.eval()
classifier = LogisticRegression(...)
for epoch in epochs:
for (x, y) in own_data:
feats = resnet50(x)
y_hat = classifier(feats)
loss = cross_entropy_with_logits(y_hat, y)
# unfreeze after 10 epochs
if epoch == 10:
resnet50.unfreeze()
Note
In practice, unfreezing later works MUCH better.
Or in Lightning as a Callback so you don’t pollute your research code.
class UnFreezeCallback(Callback):
def on_epoch_end(self, trainer, pl_module):
if trainer.current_epoch == 10.
encoder.unfreeze()
trainer = Trainer(gpus=2, callbacks=[UnFreezeCallback()])
model = FineTuner(resnet50)
trainer.fit(model)
Unless you still need to mix it into your research code.
class FineTuner(pl.LightningModule):
def __init__(self, encoder):
self.encoder = encoder
self.classifier = LogisticRegression(...)
def training_step(self, batch, batch_idx):
# option 1 - (not recommended because it's messy)
if self.trainer.current_epoch == 10:
self.encoder.unfreeze()
(x, y) = batch
feats = self.encoder(x)
y_hat = self.classifier(feats)
loss = cross_entropy_with_logits(y_hat, y)
return loss
def on_epoch_end(self, trainer, pl_module):
# a hook is cleaner (but a callback is much better)
if self.trainer.current_epoch == 10:
self.encoder.unfreeze()
Hyperparameter search¶
For finetuning to work well, you should try many versions of the model hyperparameters. Otherwise you’re unlikely to get the most value out of your data.
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders import VAE
learning_rates = [0.01, 0.001, 0.0001]
hidden_dim = [128, 256, 512]
for lr in learning_rates:
for hd in hidden_dim:
vae = VAE(input_height=32, hidden_dim=hd, learning_rate=lr)
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(vae)
Train from scratch¶
If you do have enough data and compute resources, then you could try training from scratch.
# get data
train_data = DataLoader(YourDataset)
val_data = DataLoader(YourDataset)
# use any bolts model without pretraining
model = VAE()
# fit!
trainer = Trainer(gpus=2)
trainer.fit(model, train_dataloader=train_data, val_dataloaders=val_data)
Note
For this to work well, make sure you have enough data and time to train these models!
For research¶
What separates bolts from all the other libraries out there is that bolts is built by and used by AI researchers. This means every single bolt is modularized so that it can be easily extended or mixed with arbitrary parts of the rest of the code-base.
Extending work¶
Perhaps a research project requires modifying a part of a know approach. In this case, you’re better off only changing that part of a system that is already know to perform well. Otherwise, you risk not implementing the work correctly.
Example 1: Changing the prior or approx posterior of a VAE
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders import VAE
class MyVAEFlavor(VAE):
def init_prior(self, z_mu, z_std):
P = MyPriorDistribution
# default is standard normal
# P = distributions.normal.Normal(loc=torch.zeros_like(z_mu), scale=torch.ones_like(z_std))
return P
def init_posterior(self, z_mu, z_std):
Q = MyPosteriorDistribution
# default is normal(z_mu, z_sigma)
# Q = distributions.normal.Normal(loc=z_mu, scale=z_std)
return Q
And of course train it with lightning.
model = MyVAEFlavor()
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(model)
In just a few lines of code you changed something fundamental about a VAE… This means you can iterate through ideas much faster knowing that the bolt implementation and the training loop are CORRECT and TESTED.
If your model doesn’t work with the new P, Q, then you can discard that research idea much faster than trying to figure out if your VAE implementation was correct, or if your training loop was correct.
Example 2: Changing the generator step of a GAN
from pl_bolts.models.gans import GAN
class FancyGAN(GAN):
def generator_step(self, x):
# sample noise
z = torch.randn(x.shape[0], self.hparams.latent_dim)
z = z.type_as(x)
# generate images
self.generated_imgs = self(z)
# ground truth result (ie: all real)
real = torch.ones(x.size(0), 1)
real = real.type_as(x)
g_loss = self.generator_loss(real)
tqdm_dict = {'g_loss': g_loss}
output = OrderedDict({
'loss': g_loss,
'progress_bar': tqdm_dict,
'log': tqdm_dict
})
return output
Example 3: Changing the way the loss is calculated in a contrastive self-supervised learning approach
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import AMDIM
class MyDIM(AMDIM):
def validation_step(self, batch, batch_nb):
[img_1, img_2], labels = batch
# generate features
r1_x1, r5_x1, r7_x1, r1_x2, r5_x2, r7_x2 = self.forward(img_1, img_2)
# Contrastive task
loss, lgt_reg = self.contrastive_task((r1_x1, r5_x1, r7_x1), (r1_x2, r5_x2, r7_x2))
unsupervised_loss = loss.sum() + lgt_reg
result = {
'val_nce': unsupervised_loss
}
return result
Importing parts¶
All the bolts are modular. This means you can also arbitrarily mix and match fundamental blocks from across approaches.
Example 1: Use the VAE encoder for a GAN as a generator
from pl_bolts.models.gans import GAN
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders.basic_vae import Encoder
class FancyGAN(GAN):
def init_generator(self, img_dim):
generator = Encoder(...)
return generator
trainer = Trainer(...)
trainer.fit(FancyGAN())
Example 2: Use the contrastive task of AMDIM in CPC
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import AMDIM, CPC_v2
default_amdim_task = AMDIM().contrastive_task
model = CPC_v2(contrastive_task=default_amdim_task, encoder='cpc_default')
# you might need to modify the cpc encoder depending on what you use
Compose new ideas¶
You may also be interested in creating completely new approaches that mix and match all sorts of different pieces together
# this model is for illustration purposes, it makes no research sense but it's intended to show
# that you can be as creative and expressive as you want.
class MyNewContrastiveApproach(pl.LightningModule):
def __init__(self):
suoer().__init_()
self.gan = GAN()
self.vae = VAE()
self.amdim = AMDIM()
self.cpc = CPC_v2
def training_step(self, batch, batch_idx):
(x, y) = batch
feat_a = self.gan.generator(x)
feat_b = self.vae.encoder(x)
unsup_loss = self.amdim(feat_a) + self.cpc(feat_b)
vae_loss = self.vae._step(batch)
gan_loss = self.gan.generator_loss(x)
return unsup_loss + vae_loss + gan_loss
Autoencoders¶
This section houses autoencoders and variational autoencoders.
Basic AE¶
This is the simplest autoencoder. You can use it like so
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders import AE
model = AE()
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(model)
You can override any part of this AE to build your own variation.
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders import AE
class MyAEFlavor(AE):
def init_encoder(self, hidden_dim, latent_dim, input_width, input_height):
encoder = YourSuperFancyEncoder(...)
return encoder
You can use the pretrained models present in bolts.
CIFAR-10 pretrained model:
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders import AE
ae = AE(input_height=32)
print(AE.pretrained_weights_available())
ae = ae.from_pretrained('cifar10-resnet18')
ae.freeze()
Training:
Reconstructions:
Both input and generated images are normalized versions as the training was done with such images.
- class pl_bolts.models.autoencoders.AE(input_height, enc_type='resnet18', first_conv=False, maxpool1=False, enc_out_dim=512, latent_dim=256, lr=0.0001, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Standard AE.
Model is available pretrained on different datasets:
Example:
# not pretrained ae = AE() # pretrained on cifar10 ae = AE(input_height=32).from_pretrained('cifar10-resnet18')
- Parameters
first_conv¶ (
bool
) – use standard kernel_size 7, stride 2 at start or replace it with kernel_size 3, stride 1 convmaxpool1¶ (
bool
) – use standard maxpool to reduce spatial dim of feat by a factor of 2enc_out_dim¶ (
int
) – set according to the out_channel count of encoder used (512 for resnet18, 2048 for resnet50)
Variational Autoencoders¶
Basic VAE¶
Use the VAE like so.
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders import VAE
model = VAE()
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(model)
You can override any part of this VAE to build your own variation.
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders import VAE
class MyVAEFlavor(VAE):
def get_posterior(self, mu, std):
# do something other than the default
# P = self.get_distribution(self.prior, loc=torch.zeros_like(mu), scale=torch.ones_like(std))
return P
You can use the pretrained models present in bolts.
CIFAR-10 pretrained model:
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders import VAE
vae = VAE(input_height=32)
print(VAE.pretrained_weights_available())
vae = vae.from_pretrained('cifar10-resnet18')
vae.freeze()
Training:
Reconstructions:
Both input and generated images are normalized versions as the training was done with such images.
STL-10 pretrained model:
from pl_bolts.models.autoencoders import VAE
vae = VAE(input_height=96, first_conv=True)
print(VAE.pretrained_weights_available())
vae = vae.from_pretrained('cifar10-resnet18')
vae.freeze()
Training:
- class pl_bolts.models.autoencoders.VAE(input_height, enc_type='resnet18', first_conv=False, maxpool1=False, enc_out_dim=512, kl_coeff=0.1, latent_dim=256, lr=0.0001, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Standard VAE with Gaussian Prior and approx posterior.
Model is available pretrained on different datasets:
Example:
# not pretrained vae = VAE() # pretrained on cifar10 vae = VAE(input_height=32).from_pretrained('cifar10-resnet18') # pretrained on stl10 vae = VAE(input_height=32).from_pretrained('stl10-resnet18')
- Parameters
first_conv¶ (
bool
) – use standard kernel_size 7, stride 2 at start or replace it with kernel_size 3, stride 1 convmaxpool1¶ (
bool
) – use standard maxpool to reduce spatial dim of feat by a factor of 2enc_out_dim¶ (
int
) – set according to the out_channel count of encoder used (512 for resnet18, 2048 for resnet50)
Convolutional Architectures¶
This package lists contributed convolutional architectures.
GPT-2¶
- class pl_bolts.models.vision.GPT2(embed_dim, heads, layers, num_positions, vocab_size, num_classes)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
GPT-2 from language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners
Paper by: Alec Radford, Jeffrey Wu, Rewon Child, David Luan, Dario Amodei, Ilya Sutskever
Implementation contributed by:
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.vision import GPT2 seq_len = 17 batch_size = 32 vocab_size = 16 x = torch.randint(0, vocab_size, (seq_len, batch_size)) model = GPT2(embed_dim=32, heads=2, layers=2, num_positions=seq_len, vocab_size=vocab_size, num_classes=4) results = model(x)
- forward(x, classify=False)[source]
Expect input as shape [sequence len, batch] If classify, return classification logits.
Image GPT¶
- class pl_bolts.models.vision.ImageGPT(embed_dim=16, heads=2, layers=2, pixels=28, vocab_size=16, num_classes=10, classify=False, batch_size=64, learning_rate=0.01, steps=25000, data_dir='.', num_workers=8, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Paper: Generative Pretraining from Pixels [original paper code].
Paper by: Mark Che, Alec Radford, Rewon Child, Jeff Wu, Heewoo Jun, Prafulla Dhariwal, David Luan, Ilya Sutskever
Implementation contributed by:
Original repo with results and more implementation details:
Example Results (Photo credits: Teddy Koker):
Default arguments:
¶ Argument
Default
iGPT-S (Chen et al.)
–embed_dim
16
512
–heads
2
8
–layers
8
24
–pixels
28
32
–vocab_size
16
512
–num_classes
10
10
–batch_size
64
128
–learning_rate
0.01
0.01
–steps
25000
1000000
Example:
import pytorch_lightning as pl from pl_bolts.models.vision import ImageGPT dm = MNISTDataModule('.') model = ImageGPT(dm) pl.Trainer(gpu=4).fit(model)
As script:
cd pl_bolts/models/vision/image_gpt python igpt_module.py --learning_rate 1e-2 --batch_size 32 --gpus 4
- Parameters
Pixel CNN¶
- class pl_bolts.models.vision.PixelCNN(input_channels, hidden_channels=256, num_blocks=5)[source]
Bases:
torch.nn.
Implementation of Pixel CNN.
Paper authors: Aaron van den Oord, Nal Kalchbrenner, Oriol Vinyals, Lasse Espeholt, Alex Graves, Koray Kavukcuoglu
Implemented by:
William Falcon
Example:
>>> from pl_bolts.models.vision import PixelCNN >>> import torch ... >>> model = PixelCNN(input_channels=3) >>> x = torch.rand(5, 3, 64, 64) >>> out = model(x) ... >>> out.shape torch.Size([5, 3, 64, 64])
UNet¶
- class pl_bolts.models.vision.UNet(num_classes, input_channels=3, num_layers=5, features_start=64, bilinear=False)[source]
Bases:
torch.nn.
Paper: U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation
Paper authors: Olaf Ronneberger, Philipp Fischer, Thomas Brox
Implemented by:
- Parameters
input_channels¶ (
int
) – Number of channels in input images (default 3)num_layers¶ (
int
) – Number of layers in each side of U-net (default 5)features_start¶ (
int
) – Number of features in first layer (default 64)bilinear¶ (
bool
) – Whether to use bilinear interpolation or transposed convolutions (default) for upsampling.
Semantic Segmentation¶
Model template to use for semantic segmentation tasks. The model uses a UNet architecture by default. Override any part of this model to build your own variation.
from pl_bolts.models.vision import SemSegment
from pl_bolts.datamodules import KittiDataModule
import pytorch_lightning as pl
dm = KittiDataModule('path/to/kitt/dataset/', batch_size=4)
model = SemSegment(datamodule=dm)
trainer = pl.Trainer()
trainer.fit(model)
- class pl_bolts.models.vision.SemSegment(lr=0.01, num_classes=19, num_layers=5, features_start=64, bilinear=False)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Basic model for semantic segmentation. Uses UNet architecture by default.
The default parameters in this model are for the KITTI dataset. Note, if you’d like to use this model as is, you will first need to download the KITTI dataset yourself. You can download the dataset here.
Implemented by:
- Parameters
GANs¶
Collection of Generative Adversarial Networks
Basic GAN¶
This is a vanilla GAN. This model can work on any dataset size but results are shown for MNIST. Replace the encoder, decoder or any part of the training loop to build a new method, or simply finetune on your data.
Implemented by:
William Falcon
Example outputs:
Loss curves:
from pl_bolts.models.gans import GAN
...
gan = GAN()
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(gan)
- class pl_bolts.models.gans.GAN(input_channels, input_height, input_width, latent_dim=32, learning_rate=0.0002, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Vanilla GAN implementation.
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.gans import GAN m = GAN() Trainer(gpus=2).fit(m)
Example CLI:
# mnist python basic_gan_module.py --gpus 1 # imagenet python basic_gan_module.py --gpus 1 --dataset 'imagenet2012' --data_dir /path/to/imagenet/folder/ --meta_dir ~/path/to/meta/bin/folder --batch_size 256 --learning_rate 0.0001
- Parameters
- forward(z)[source]
Generates an image given input noise z.
Example:
z = torch.rand(batch_size, latent_dim) gan = GAN.load_from_checkpoint(PATH) img = gan(z)
DCGAN¶
DCGAN implementation from the paper Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks. The implementation is based on the version from PyTorch’s examples.
Implemented by:
Example MNIST outputs:
Example LSUN bedroom outputs:
MNIST Loss curves:
LSUN Loss curves:
- class pl_bolts.models.gans.DCGAN(beta1=0.5, feature_maps_gen=64, feature_maps_disc=64, image_channels=1, latent_dim=100, learning_rate=0.0002, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
DCGAN implementation.
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.gans import DCGAN m = DCGAN() Trainer(gpus=2).fit(m)
Example CLI:
# mnist python dcgan_module.py --gpus 1 # cifar10 python dcgan_module.py --gpus 1 --dataset cifar10 --image_channels 3
SRGAN¶
SRGAN implementation from the paper Photo-Realistic Single Image Super-Resolution Using a Generative Adversarial Network. The implementation is based on the version from deeplearning.ai.
Implemented by:
MNIST results:
SRGAN MNIST with scale factor of 2 (left: low res, middle: generated high res, right: ground truth high res):
SRGAN MNIST with scale factor of 4:
- SRResNet pretraining command used::
>>> python srresnet_module.py --dataset=mnist --data_dir=~/Data --scale_factor=4 --save_model_checkpoint \ --batch_size=16 --num_workers=2 --gpus=4 --accelerator=ddp --precision=16 --max_steps=25000- SRGAN training command used::
>>> python srgan_module.py --dataset=mnist --data_dir=~/Data --scale_factor=4 --batch_size=16 \ --num_workers=2 --scheduler_step=29 --gpus=4 --accelerator=ddp --precision=16 --max_steps=50000
STL10 results:
SRGAN STL10 with scale factor of 2:
SRGAN STL10 with scale factor of 4:
- SRResNet pretraining command used::
>>> python srresnet_module.py --dataset=stl10 --data_dir=~/Data --scale_factor=4 --save_model_checkpoint \ --batch_size=16 --num_workers=2 --gpus=4 --accelerator=ddp --precision=16 --max_steps=25000- SRGAN training command used::
>>> python srgan_module.py --dataset=stl10 --data_dir=~/Data --scale_factor=4 --batch_size=16 \ --num_workers=2 --scheduler_step=29 --gpus=4 --accelerator=ddp --precision=16 --max_steps=50000
CelebA results:
SRGAN CelebA with scale factor of 2:
SRGAN CelebA with scale factor of 4:
- SRResNet pretraining command used::
>>> python srresnet_module.py --dataset=celeba --data_dir=~/Data --scale_factor=4 --save_model_checkpoint \ --batch_size=16 --num_workers=2 --gpus=4 --accelerator=ddp --precision=16 --max_steps=25000- SRGAN training command used::
>>> python srgan_module.py --dataset=celeba --data_dir=~/Data --scale_factor=4 --batch_size=16 \ --num_workers=2 --scheduler_step=29 --gpus=4 --accelerator=ddp --precision=16 --max_steps=50000
- class pl_bolts.models.gans.SRGAN(image_channels=3, feature_maps_gen=64, feature_maps_disc=64, num_res_blocks=16, scale_factor=4, generator_checkpoint=None, learning_rate=0.0001, scheduler_step=100, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
SRGAN implementation from the paper Photo-Realistic Single Image Super-Resolution Using a Generative Adversarial Network. It uses a pretrained SRResNet model as the generator if available.
Code adapted from https-deeplearning-ai/GANs-Public to Lightning by:
You can pretrain a SRResNet model with
srresnet_module.py
.Example:
from pl_bolts.models.gan import SRGAN m = SRGAN() Trainer(gpus=1).fit(m)
Example CLI:
# CelebA dataset, scale_factor 4 python srgan_module.py --dataset=celeba --scale_factor=4 --gpus=1 # MNIST dataset, scale_factor 4 python srgan_module.py --dataset=mnist --scale_factor=4 --gpus=1 # STL10 dataset, scale_factor 4 python srgan_module.py --dataset=stl10 --scale_factor=4 --gpus=1
- Parameters
image_channels¶ (
int
) – Number of channels of the images from the datasetfeature_maps_gen¶ (
int
) – Number of feature maps to use for the generatorfeature_maps_disc¶ (
int
) – Number of feature maps to use for the discriminatornum_res_blocks¶ (
int
) – Number of res blocks to use in the generatorscale_factor¶ (
int
) – Scale factor for the images (either 2 or 4)generator_checkpoint¶ (
Optional
[str
]) – Generator checkpoint created with SRResNet modulescheduler_step¶ (
int
) – Number of epochs after which the learning rate gets decayed
- class pl_bolts.models.gans.SRResNet(image_channels=3, feature_maps=64, num_res_blocks=16, scale_factor=4, learning_rate=0.0001, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
SRResNet implementation from the paper Photo-Realistic Single Image Super-Resolution Using a Generative Adversarial Network. A pretrained SRResNet model is used as the generator for SRGAN.
Code adapted from https-deeplearning-ai/GANs-Public to Lightning by:
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.gan import SRResNet m = SRResNet() Trainer(gpus=1).fit(m)
Example CLI:
# CelebA dataset, scale_factor 4 python srresnet_module.py --dataset=celeba --scale_factor=4 --gpus=1 # MNIST dataset, scale_factor 4 python srresnet_module.py --dataset=mnist --scale_factor=4 --gpus=1 # STL10 dataset, scale_factor 4 python srresnet_module.py --dataset=stl10 --scale_factor=4 --gpus=1
- Parameters
Object Detection¶
This package lists contributed object detection models.
Faster R-CNN¶
- class pl_bolts.models.detection.faster_rcnn.faster_rcnn_module.FasterRCNN(learning_rate=0.0001, num_classes=91, backbone=None, fpn=True, pretrained=False, pretrained_backbone=True, trainable_backbone_layers=3, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks.
Paper authors: Shaoqing Ren, Kaiming He, Ross Girshick, Jian Sun
- Model implemented by:
Teddy Koker <https://github.com/teddykoker>
- During training, the model expects both the input tensors, as well as targets (list of dictionary), containing:
boxes (FloatTensor[N, 4]): the ground truth boxes in [x1, y1, x2, y2] format.
labels (Int64Tensor[N]): the class label for each ground truh box
CLI command:
# PascalVOC python faster_rcnn_module.py --gpus 1 --pretrained True
- Parameters
num_classes¶ (
int
) – number of detection classes (including background)backbone¶ (
Union
[str
,Module
,None
]) – Pretained backbone CNN architecture or torch.nn.Module instance.fpn¶ (
bool
) – If True, creates a Feature Pyramind Network on top of Resnet based CNNs.pretrained¶ (
bool
) – if true, returns a model pre-trained on COCO train2017pretrained_backbone¶ (
bool
) – if true, returns a model with backbone pre-trained on Imagenettrainable_backbone_layers¶ (
int
) – number of trainable resnet layers starting from final block
RetinaNet¶
- class pl_bolts.models.detection.retinanet.retinanet_module.RetinaNet(learning_rate=0.0001, num_classes=91, backbone=None, fpn=True, pretrained=False, pretrained_backbone=True, trainable_backbone_layers=3, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of RetinaNet.
Paper: Focal Loss for Dense Object Detection.
Paper authors: Tsung-Yi Lin, Priya Goyal, Ross Girshick, Kaiming He, Piotr Dollár
- Model implemented by:
Aditya Oke <https://github.com/oke-aditya>
- During training, the model expects both the input tensors, as well as targets (list of dictionary), containing:
boxes (FloatTensor[N, 4]): the ground truth boxes in [x1, y1, x2, y2] format.
labels (Int64Tensor[N]): the class label for each ground truh box
CLI command:
# PascalVOC using LightningCLI python retinanet_module.py --trainer.gpus 1 --model.pretrained True
- Parameters
num_classes¶ (
int
) – number of detection classes (including background)backbone¶ (
Optional
[str
]) – Pretained backbone CNN architecture.fpn¶ (
bool
) – If True, creates a Feature Pyramind Network on top of Resnet based CNNs.pretrained¶ (
bool
) – if true, returns a model pre-trained on COCO train2017pretrained_backbone¶ (
bool
) – if true, returns a model with backbone pre-trained on Imagenettrainable_backbone_layers¶ (
int
) – number of trainable resnet layers starting from final block
YOLO¶
- class pl_bolts.models.detection.yolo.yolo_module.YOLO(network, optimizer=torch.optim.SGD, optimizer_params={'lr': 0.001, 'momentum': 0.9, 'weight_decay': 0.0005}, lr_scheduler=<class 'pl_bolts.optimizers.lr_scheduler.LinearWarmupCosineAnnealingLR'>, lr_scheduler_params={'max_epochs': 300, 'warmup_epochs': 1, 'warmup_start_lr': 0.0}, confidence_threshold=0.2, nms_threshold=0.45, max_predictions_per_image=-1)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of YOLOv3 and YOLOv4.
YOLOv3 paper: Joseph Redmon and Ali Farhadi
YOLOv4 paper: Alexey Bochkovskiy, Chien-Yao Wang, and Hong-Yuan Mark Liao
Implementation: Seppo Enarvi
The network architecture can be read from a Darknet configuration file using the
YOLOConfiguration
class, or created by some other means, and provided as a list of PyTorch modules.The input from the data loader is expected to be a list of images. Each image is a tensor with shape
[channels, height, width]
. The images from a single batch will be stacked into a single tensor, so the sizes have to match. Different batches can have different image sizes, as long as the size is divisible by the ratio in which the network downsamples the input.During training, the model expects both the input tensors and a list of targets. Each target is a dictionary containing:
boxes (
FloatTensor[N, 4]
): the ground-truth boxes in (x1, y1, x2, y2) formatlabels (
Int64Tensor[N]
): the class label for each ground-truth box
forward()
method returns all predictions from all detection layers in all images in one tensor with shape[images, predictors, classes + 5]
. The coordinates are scaled to the input image size. During training it also returns a dictionary containing the classification, box overlap, and confidence losses.During inference, the model requires only the input tensors.
infer()
method filters and processes the predictions. The processed output includes the following tensors:boxes (
FloatTensor[N, 4]
): predicted bounding box (x1, y1, x2, y2) coordinates in image spacescores (
FloatTensor[N]
): detection confidenceslabels (
Int64Tensor[N]
): the predicted labels for each image
Weights can be loaded from a Darknet model file using
load_darknet_weights()
.CLI command:
# PascalVOC wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/master/cfg/yolov4-tiny-3l.cfg python yolo_module.py --config yolov4-tiny-3l.cfg --data_dir . --gpus 8 --batch_size 8
- Parameters
network¶ (
ModuleList
) – A list of network modules. This can be obtained from a Darknet configuration using theget_network()
method.optimizer¶ (
Type
[Optimizer
]) – Which optimizer class to use for training.optimizer_params¶ (
Dict
[str
,Any
]) – Parameters to pass to the optimizer constructor.lr_scheduler¶ (
Type
[LRScheduler
]) – Which learning rate scheduler class to use for training.lr_scheduler_params¶ (
Dict
[str
,Any
]) – Parameters to pass to the learning rate scheduler constructor.confidence_threshold¶ (
float
) – Postprocessing will remove bounding boxes whose confidence score is not higher than this threshold.nms_threshold¶ (
float
) – Non-maximum suppression will remove bounding boxes whose IoU with a higher confidence box is higher than this threshold, if the predicted categories are equal.max_predictions_per_image¶ (
int
) – If non-negative, keep at most this number of highest-confidence predictions per image.
- configure_optimizers()[source]
Constructs the optimizer and learning rate scheduler.
- forward(images, targets=None)[source]
Runs a forward pass through the network (all layers listed in
self.network
), and if training targets are provided, computes the losses from the detection layers.Detections are concatenated from the detection layers. Each image will produce N * num_anchors * grid_height * grid_width detections, where N depends on the number of detection layers. For one detection layer N = 1, and each detection layer increases it by a number that depends on the size of the feature map on that layer. For example, if the feature map is twice as wide and high as the grid, the layer will add four times more features.
- Parameters
- Returns
Detections, and if targets were provided, a dictionary of losses. Detections are shaped
[batch_size, num_predictors, num_classes + 5]
, wherenum_predictors
is the total number of cells in all detection layers times the number of boxes predicted by one cell. The predicted box coordinates are in (x1, y1, x2, y2) format and scaled to the input image size.- Return type
- infer(image)[source]
Feeds an image to the network and returns the detected bounding boxes, confidence scores, and class labels.
- load_darknet_weights(weight_file)[source]
Loads weights to layer modules from a pretrained Darknet model.
One may want to continue training from the pretrained weights, on a dataset with a different number of object categories. The number of kernels in the convolutional layers just before each detection layer depends on the number of output classes. The Darknet solution is to truncate the weight file and stop reading weights at the first incompatible layer. For this reason the function silently leaves the rest of the layers unchanged, when the weight file ends.
- Parameters
weight_file¶ – A file object containing model weights in the Darknet binary format.
- test_step(batch, batch_idx)[source]
Evaluates a batch of data from the test set.
- training_step(batch, batch_idx)[source]
Computes the training loss.
- Parameters
- Return type
- Returns
A dictionary that includes the training loss in ‘loss’.
- validation_step(batch, batch_idx)[source]
Evaluates a batch of data from the validation set.
Reinforcement Learning¶
This module is a collection of common RL approaches implemented in Lightning.
DQN Models¶
The following models are based on DQN. DQN uses value based learning where it is deciding what action to take based on the model’s current learned value (V), or the state action value (Q) of the current state. These values are defined as the discounted total reward of the agents state or state action pair.
Deep-Q-Network (DQN)¶
DQN model introduced in Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learning. Paper authors: Volodymyr Mnih, Koray Kavukcuoglu, David Silver, Alex Graves, Ioannis Antonoglou, Daan Wierstra, Martin Riedmiller.
Original implementation by: Donal Byrne
The DQN was introduced in Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learning by researchers at DeepMind. This took the concept of tabular Q learning and scaled it to much larger problems by approximating the Q function using a deep neural network.
The goal behind DQN was to take the simple control method of Q learning and scale it up in order to solve complicated tasks. As well as this, the method needed to be stable. The DQN solves these issues with the following additions.
Approximated Q Function
Storing Q values in a table works well in theory, but is completely unscalable. Instead, the authors approximate the Q function using a deep neural network. This allows the DQN to be used for much more complicated tasks
Replay Buffer
Similar to supervised learning, the DQN learns on randomly sampled batches of previous data stored in an Experience Replay Buffer. The ‘target’ is calculated using the Bellman equation
and then we optimize using SGD just like a standard supervised learning problem.
DQN Results¶
DQN: Pong
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.rl import DQN
dqn = DQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4")
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(dqn)
- class pl_bolts.models.rl.DQN(env, eps_start=1.0, eps_end=0.02, eps_last_frame=150000, sync_rate=1000, gamma=0.99, learning_rate=0.0001, batch_size=32, replay_size=100000, warm_start_size=10000, avg_reward_len=100, min_episode_reward=- 21, seed=123, batches_per_epoch=1000, n_steps=1, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Basic DQN Model.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of DQN Paper authors: Volodymyr Mnih, Koray Kavukcuoglu, David Silver, Alex Graves, Ioannis Antonoglou, Daan Wierstra, Martin Riedmiller. Model implemented by:
Donal Byrne <https://github.com/djbyrne>
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.models.rl.dqn_model import DQN ... >>> model = DQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4")
Train:
trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
Note
This example is based on: https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-Hands-On-Second-Edition/blob/master/Chapter06/02_dqn_pong.py
Note
Currently only supports CPU and single GPU training with accelerator=dp
- Parameters
eps_start¶ (
float
) – starting value of epsilon for the epsilon-greedy explorationeps_end¶ (
float
) – final value of epsilon for the epsilon-greedy explorationeps_last_frame¶ (
int
) – the final frame in for the decrease of epsilon. At this frame espilon = eps_endsync_rate¶ (
int
) – the number of iterations between syncing up the target network with the train networkbatch_size¶ (
int
) – size of minibatch pulled from the DataLoaderwarm_start_size¶ (
int
) – how many random steps through the environment to be carried out at the start of training to fill the buffer with a starting pointavg_reward_len¶ (
int
) – how many episodes to take into account when calculating the avg rewardmin_episode_reward¶ (
int
) – the minimum score that can be achieved in an episode. Used for filling the avg buffer before training begins
- static add_model_specific_args(arg_parser)[source]
Adds arguments for DQN model.
Note
These params are fine tuned for Pong env.
- Parameters
arg_parser¶ (
ArgumentParser
) – parent parser- Return type
- forward(x)[source]
Passes in a state x through the network and gets the q_values of each action as an output.
- static make_environment(env_name, seed=None)[source]
Initialise gym environment.
- run_n_episodes(env, n_epsiodes=1, epsilon=1.0)[source]
Carries out N episodes of the environment with the current agent.
- test_dataloader()[source]
Get test loader.
- Return type
- test_step(*args, **kwargs)[source]
Evaluate the agent for 10 episodes.
- train_batch()[source]
Contains the logic for generating a new batch of data to be passed to the DataLoader.
- train_dataloader()[source]
Get train loader.
- Return type
- training_step(batch, _)[source]
Carries out a single step through the environment to update the replay buffer. Then calculates loss based on the minibatch recieved.
Double DQN¶
Double DQN model introduced in Deep Reinforcement Learning with Double Q-learning Paper authors: Hado van Hasselt, Arthur Guez, David Silver
Original implementation by: Donal Byrne
The original DQN tends to overestimate Q values during the Bellman update, leading to instability and is harmful to training. This is due to the max operation in the Bellman equation.
We are constantly taking the max of our agents estimates during our update. This may seem reasonable, if we could trust these estimates. However during the early stages of training, the estimates for these values will be off center and can lead to instability in training until our estimates become more reliable
The Double DQN fixes this overestimation by choosing actions for the next state using the main trained network but uses the values of these actions from the more stable target network. So we are still going to take the greedy action, but the value will be less “optimisitc” because it is chosen by the target network.
DQN expected return
Double DQN expected return
Double DQN Results¶
Double DQN: Pong
DQN vs Double DQN: Pong
orange: DQN
blue: Double DQN
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.rl import DoubleDQN
ddqn = DoubleDQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4")
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(ddqn)
- class pl_bolts.models.rl.DoubleDQN(env, eps_start=1.0, eps_end=0.02, eps_last_frame=150000, sync_rate=1000, gamma=0.99, learning_rate=0.0001, batch_size=32, replay_size=100000, warm_start_size=10000, avg_reward_len=100, min_episode_reward=- 21, seed=123, batches_per_epoch=1000, n_steps=1, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Double Deep Q-network (DDQN) PyTorch Lightning implementation of Double DQN.
Paper authors: Hado van Hasselt, Arthur Guez, David Silver
Model implemented by:
Donal Byrne <https://github.com/djbyrne>
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.models.rl.double_dqn_model import DoubleDQN ... >>> model = DoubleDQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4")
Train:
trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
Note
This example is based on https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-Hands-On-Second-Edition/blob/master/Chapter08/03_dqn_double.py
Note
Currently only supports CPU and single GPU training with accelerator=dp
- Parameters
eps_start¶ (
float
) – starting value of epsilon for the epsilon-greedy explorationeps_end¶ (
float
) – final value of epsilon for the epsilon-greedy explorationeps_last_frame¶ (
int
) – the final frame in for the decrease of epsilon. At this frame espilon = eps_endsync_rate¶ (
int
) – the number of iterations between syncing up the target network with the train networkbatch_size¶ (
int
) – size of minibatch pulled from the DataLoaderwarm_start_size¶ (
int
) – how many random steps through the environment to be carried out at the start of training to fill the buffer with a starting pointavg_reward_len¶ (
int
) – how many episodes to take into account when calculating the avg rewardmin_episode_reward¶ (
int
) – the minimum score that can be achieved in an episode. Used for filling the avg buffer before training begins
- training_step(batch, _)[source]
Carries out a single step through the environment to update the replay buffer. Then calculates loss based on the minibatch recieved.
Dueling DQN¶
Dueling DQN model introduced in Dueling Network Architectures for Deep Reinforcement Learning Paper authors: Ziyu Wang, Tom Schaul, Matteo Hessel, Hado van Hasselt, Marc Lanctot, Nando de Freitas
Original implementation by: Donal Byrne
The Q value that we are trying to approximate can be divided into two parts, the value state V(s) and the ‘advantage’ of actions in that state A(s, a). Instead of having one full network estimate the entire Q value, Dueling DQN uses two estimator heads in order to separate the estimation of the two parts.
The value is the same as in value iteration. It is the discounted expected reward achieved from state s. Think of the value as the ‘base reward’ from being in state s.
The advantage tells us how much ‘extra’ reward we get from taking action a while in state s. The advantage bridges the gap between Q(s, a) and V(s) as Q(s, a) = V(s) + A(s, a).
In the paper Dueling Network Architectures for Deep Reinforcement Learning <https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.06581> the network uses two heads, one outputs the value state and the other outputs the advantage. This leads to better training stability, faster convergence and overall better results. The V head outputs a single scalar (the state value), while the advantage head outputs a tensor equal to the size of the action space, containing an advantage value for each action in state s.
Changing the network architecture is not enough, we also need to ensure that the advantage mean is 0. This is done by subtracting the mean advantage from the Q value. This essentially pulls the mean advantage to 0.
Dueling DQN Benefits¶
Ability to efficiently learn the state value function. In the dueling network, every Q update also updates the value stream, where as in DQN only the value of the chosen action is updated. This provides a better approximation of the values
The differences between total Q values for a given state are quite small in relation to the magnitude of Q. The difference in the Q values between the best action and the second best action can be very small, while the average state value can be much larger. The differences in scale can introduce noise, which may lead to the greedy policy switching the priority of these actions. The seperate estimators for state value and advantage makes the Dueling DQN robust to this type of scenario
Dueling DQN Results¶
The results below a noticeable improvement from the original DQN network.
Dueling DQN baseline: Pong
Similar to the results of the DQN baseline, the agent has a period where the number of steps per episodes increase as it begins to hold its own against the heuristic oppoent, but then the steps per episode quickly begins to drop as it gets better and starts to beat its opponent faster and faster. There is a noticable point at step ~250k where the agent goes from losing to winning.
As you can see by the total rewards, the dueling network’s training progression is very stable and continues to trend upward until it finally plateus.
DQN vs Dueling DQN: Pong
In comparison to the base DQN, we see that the Dueling network’s training is much more stable and is able to reach a score in the high teens faster than the DQN agent. Even though the Dueling network is more stable and out performs DQN early in training, by the end of training the two networks end up at the same point.
This could very well be due to the simplicity of the Pong environment.
Orange: DQN
Red: Dueling DQN
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.rl import DuelingDQN
dueling_dqn = DuelingDQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4")
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(dueling_dqn)
- class pl_bolts.models.rl.DuelingDQN(env, eps_start=1.0, eps_end=0.02, eps_last_frame=150000, sync_rate=1000, gamma=0.99, learning_rate=0.0001, batch_size=32, replay_size=100000, warm_start_size=10000, avg_reward_len=100, min_episode_reward=- 21, seed=123, batches_per_epoch=1000, n_steps=1, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of Dueling DQN
Paper authors: Ziyu Wang, Tom Schaul, Matteo Hessel, Hado van Hasselt, Marc Lanctot, Nando de Freitas
Model implemented by:
Donal Byrne <https://github.com/djbyrne>
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.models.rl.dueling_dqn_model import DuelingDQN ... >>> model = DuelingDQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4")
Train:
trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
Note
Currently only supports CPU and single GPU training with accelerator=dp
- Parameters
eps_start¶ (
float
) – starting value of epsilon for the epsilon-greedy explorationeps_end¶ (
float
) – final value of epsilon for the epsilon-greedy explorationeps_last_frame¶ (
int
) – the final frame in for the decrease of epsilon. At this frame espilon = eps_endsync_rate¶ (
int
) – the number of iterations between syncing up the target network with the train networkbatch_size¶ (
int
) – size of minibatch pulled from the DataLoaderwarm_start_size¶ (
int
) – how many random steps through the environment to be carried out at the start of training to fill the buffer with a starting pointavg_reward_len¶ (
int
) – how many episodes to take into account when calculating the avg rewardmin_episode_reward¶ (
int
) – the minimum score that can be achieved in an episode. Used for filling the avg buffer before training begins
Noisy DQN¶
Noisy DQN model introduced in Noisy Networks for Exploration Paper authors: Meire Fortunato, Mohammad Gheshlaghi Azar, Bilal Piot, Jacob Menick, Ian Osband, Alex Graves, Vlad Mnih, Remi Munos, Demis Hassabis, Olivier Pietquin, Charles Blundell, Shane Legg
Original implementation by: Donal Byrne
Up until now the DQN agent uses a seperate exploration policy, generally epsilon-greedy where start and end values are set for its exploration. Noisy Networks For Exploration <https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.10295> introduces a new exploration strategy by adding noise parameters to the weights of the fully connect layers which get updated during backpropagation of the network. The noise parameters drive the exploration of the network instead of simply taking random actions more frequently at the start of training and less frequently towards the end. The of authors of propose two ways of doing this.
During the optimization step a new set of noisy parameters are sampled. During training the agent acts according to the fixed set of parameters. At the next optimization step, the parameters are updated with a new sample. This ensures the agent always acts based on the parameters that are drawn from the current noise distribution.
The authors propose two methods of injecting noise to the network.
Independent Gaussian Noise: This injects noise per weight. For each weight a random value is taken from the distribution. Noise parameters are stored inside the layer and are updated during backpropagation. The output of the layer is calculated as normal.
Factorized Gaussian Noise: This injects nosier per input/ouput. In order to minimize the number of random values this method stores two random vectors, one with the size of the input and the other with the size of the output. Using these two vectors, a random matrix is generated for the layer by calculating the outer products of the vector
Noisy DQN Benefits¶
Improved exploration function. Instead of just performing completely random actions, we add decreasing amount of noise and uncertainty to our policy allowing to explore while still utilising its policy.
The fact that this method is automatically tuned means that we do not have to tune hyper parameters for epsilon-greedy!
Note
For now I have just implemented the Independant Gaussian as it has been reported there isn’t much difference in results for these benchmark environments.
In order to update the basic DQN to a Noisy DQN we need to do the following
Noisy DQN Results¶
The results below improved stability and faster performance growth.
Noisy DQN baseline: Pong
Similar to the other improvements, the average score of the agent reaches positive numbers around the 250k mark and steadily increases till convergence.
DQN vs Noisy DQN: Pong
In comparison to the base DQN, the Noisy DQN is more stable and is able to converge on an optimal policy much faster than the original. It seems that the replacement of the epsilon-greedy strategy with network noise provides a better form of exploration.
Orange: DQN
Red: Noisy DQN
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.rl import NoisyDQN
noisy_dqn = NoisyDQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4")
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(noisy_dqn)
- class pl_bolts.models.rl.NoisyDQN(env, eps_start=1.0, eps_end=0.02, eps_last_frame=150000, sync_rate=1000, gamma=0.99, learning_rate=0.0001, batch_size=32, replay_size=100000, warm_start_size=10000, avg_reward_len=100, min_episode_reward=- 21, seed=123, batches_per_epoch=1000, n_steps=1, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of Noisy DQN
Paper authors: Meire Fortunato, Mohammad Gheshlaghi Azar, Bilal Piot, Jacob Menick, Ian Osband, Alex Graves, Vlad Mnih, Remi Munos, Demis Hassabis, Olivier Pietquin, Charles Blundell, Shane Legg
Model implemented by:
Donal Byrne <https://github.com/djbyrne>
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.models.rl.noisy_dqn_model import NoisyDQN ... >>> model = NoisyDQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4")
Train:
trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
Note
Currently only supports CPU and single GPU training with accelerator=dp
- Parameters
eps_start¶ (
float
) – starting value of epsilon for the epsilon-greedy explorationeps_end¶ (
float
) – final value of epsilon for the epsilon-greedy explorationeps_last_frame¶ (
int
) – the final frame in for the decrease of epsilon. At this frame espilon = eps_endsync_rate¶ (
int
) – the number of iterations between syncing up the target network with the train networkbatch_size¶ (
int
) – size of minibatch pulled from the DataLoaderwarm_start_size¶ (
int
) – how many random steps through the environment to be carried out at the start of training to fill the buffer with a starting pointavg_reward_len¶ (
int
) – how many episodes to take into account when calculating the avg rewardmin_episode_reward¶ (
int
) – the minimum score that can be achieved in an episode. Used for filling the avg buffer before training begins
- on_train_start()[source]
Set the agents epsilon to 0 as the exploration comes from the network.
- Return type
- train_batch()[source]
Contains the logic for generating a new batch of data to be passed to the DataLoader. This is the same function as the standard DQN except that we dont update epsilon as it is always 0. The exploration comes from the noisy network.
N-Step DQN¶
N-Step DQN model introduced in Learning to Predict by the Methods of Temporal Differences Paper authors: Richard S. Sutton
Original implementation by: Donal Byrne
N Step DQN was introduced in Learning to Predict by the Methods of Temporal Differences. This method improves upon the original DQN by updating our Q values with the expected reward from multiple steps in the future as opposed to the expected reward from the immediate next state. When getting the Q values for a state action pair using a single step which looks like this
but because the Q function is recursive we can continue to roll this out into multiple steps, looking at the expected return for each step into the future.
The above example shows a 2-Step look ahead, but this could be rolled out to the end of the episode, which is just Monte Carlo learning. Although we could just do a monte carlo update and look forward to the end of the episode, it wouldn’t be a good idea. Every time we take another step into the future, we are basing our approximation off our current policy. For a large portion of training, our policy is going to be less than optimal. For example, at the start of training, our policy will be in a state of high exploration, and will be little better than random.
Note
For each rollout step you must scale the discount factor accordingly by the number of steps. As you can see from the equation above, the second gamma value is to the power of 2. If we rolled this out one step further, we would use gamma to the power of 3 and so.
So if we are aproximating future rewards off a bad policy, chances are those approximations are going to be pretty bad and every time we unroll our update equation, the worse it will get. The fact that we are using an off policy method like DQN with a large replay buffer will make this even worse, as there is a high chance that we will be training on experiences using an old policy that was worse than our current policy.
So we need to strike a balance between looking far enough ahead to improve the convergence of our agent, but not so far that are updates become unstable. In general, small values of 2-4 work best.
N-Step Benefits¶
Multi-Step learning is capable of learning faster than typical 1 step learning methods.
Note that this method introduces a new hyperparameter n. Although n=4 is generally a good starting point and provides good results across the board.
N-Step Results¶
As expected, the N-Step DQN converges much faster than the standard DQN, however it also adds more instability to the loss of the agent. This can be seen in the following experiments.
N-Step DQN: Pong
The N-Step DQN shows the greatest increase in performance with respect to the other DQN variations. After less than 150k steps the agent begins to consistently win games and achieves the top score after ~170K steps. This is reflected in the sharp peak of the total episode steps and of course, the total episode rewards.
DQN vs N-Step DQN: Pong
This improvement is shown in stark contrast to the base DQN, which only begins to win games after 250k steps and requires over twice as many steps (450k) as the N-Step agent to achieve the high score of 21. One important thing to notice is the large increase in the loss of the N-Step agent. This is expected as the agent is building its expected reward off approximations of the future states. The large the size of N, the greater the instability. Previous literature, listed below, shows the best results for the Pong environment with an N step between 3-5. For these experiments I opted with an N step of 4.
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.rl import DQN
n_step_dqn = DQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4", n_steps=4)
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(n_step_dqn)
Prioritized Experience Replay DQN¶
Double DQN model introduced in Prioritized Experience Replay Paper authors: Tom Schaul, John Quan, Ioannis Antonoglou, David Silver
Original implementation by: Donal Byrne
The standard DQN uses a buffer to break up the correlation between experiences and uniform random samples for each batch. Instead of just randomly sampling from the buffer prioritized experience replay (PER) prioritizes these samples based on training loss. This concept was introduced in the paper Prioritized Experience Replay
Essentially we want to train more on the samples that surprise the agent.
The priority of each sample is defined below where
where pi is the priority of the ith sample in the buffer and 𝛼 is the number that shows how much emphasis we give to the priority. If 𝛼 = 0 , our sampling will become uniform as in the classic DQN method. Larger values for 𝛼 put more stress on samples with higher priority
Its important that new samples are set to the highest priority so that they are sampled soon. This however introduces bias to new samples in our dataset. In order to compensate for this bias, the value of the weight is defined as
Where beta is a hyper parameter between 0-1. When beta is 1 the bias is fully compensated. However authors noted that in practice it is better to start beta with a small value near 0 and slowly increase it to 1.
PER Benefits¶
The benefits of this technique are that the agent sees more samples that it struggled with and gets more chances to improve upon it.
Memory Buffer
First step is to replace the standard experience replay buffer with the prioritized experience replay buffer. This is pretty large (100+ lines) so I wont go through it here. There are two buffers implemented. The first is a naive list based buffer found in memory.PERBuffer and the second is more efficient buffer using a Sum Tree datastructure.
The list based version is simpler, but has a sample complexity of O(N). The Sum Tree in comparison has a complexity of O(1) for sampling and O(logN) for updating priorities.
Update loss function
The next thing we do is to use the sample weights that we get from PER. Add the following code to the end of the loss function. This applies the weights of our sample to the batch loss. Then we return the mean loss and weighted loss for each datum, with the addition of a small epsilon value.
PER Results¶
The results below show improved stability and faster performance growth.
PER DQN: Pong
Similar to the other improvements, we see that PER improves the stability of the agents training and shows to converged on an optimal policy faster.
DQN vs PER DQN: Pong
In comparison to the base DQN, the PER DQN does show improved stability and performance. As expected, the loss of the PER DQN is siginificantly lower. This is the main objective of PER by focusing on experiences with high loss.
It is important to note that loss is not the only metric we should be looking at. Although the agent may have very low loss during training, it may still perform poorly due to lack of exploration.
Orange: DQN
Pink: PER DQN
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.rl import PERDQN
per_dqn = PERDQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4")
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(per_dqn)
- class pl_bolts.models.rl.PERDQN(env, eps_start=1.0, eps_end=0.02, eps_last_frame=150000, sync_rate=1000, gamma=0.99, learning_rate=0.0001, batch_size=32, replay_size=100000, warm_start_size=10000, avg_reward_len=100, min_episode_reward=- 21, seed=123, batches_per_epoch=1000, n_steps=1, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of DQN With Prioritized Experience Replay.
Paper authors: Tom Schaul, John Quan, Ioannis Antonoglou, David Silver
Model implemented by:
Donal Byrne <https://github.com/djbyrne>
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.models.rl.per_dqn_model import PERDQN ... >>> model = PERDQN("PongNoFrameskip-v4")
Train:
trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
Note
Note
Currently only supports CPU and single GPU training with accelerator=dp
- Parameters
eps_start¶ (
float
) – starting value of epsilon for the epsilon-greedy explorationeps_end¶ (
float
) – final value of epsilon for the epsilon-greedy explorationeps_last_frame¶ (
int
) – the final frame in for the decrease of epsilon. At this frame espilon = eps_endsync_rate¶ (
int
) – the number of iterations between syncing up the target network with the train networkbatch_size¶ (
int
) – size of minibatch pulled from the DataLoaderwarm_start_size¶ (
int
) – how many random steps through the environment to be carried out at the start of training to fill the buffer with a starting pointavg_reward_len¶ (
int
) – how many episodes to take into account when calculating the avg rewardmin_episode_reward¶ (
int
) – the minimum score that can be achieved in an episode. Used for filling the avg buffer before training begins
- train_batch()[source]
Contains the logic for generating a new batch of data to be passed to the DataLoader.
- training_step(batch, _)[source]
Carries out a single step through the environment to update the replay buffer. Then calculates loss based on the minibatch recieved.
- Parameters
- Return type
- Returns
Training loss and log metrics
Policy Gradient Models¶
The following models are based on Policy Gradients. Unlike the Q learning models shown before, Policy based models do not try and learn the specifc values of state or state action pairs. Instead it cuts out the middle man and directly learns the policy distribution. In Policy Gradient models we update our network parameters in the direction suggested by our policy gradient in order to find a policy that produces the highest results.
- Policy Gradient Key Points:
Outputs a distribution of actions instead of discrete Q values
Optimizes the policy directly, instead of indirectly through the optimization of Q values
The policy distribution of actions allows the model to handle more complex action spaces, such as continuous actions
The policy distribution introduces stochasticity, providing natural exploration to the model
The policy distribution provides a more stable update as a change in weights will only change the total distribution slightly, as opposed to changing weights based on the Q value of state S will change all Q values with similar states.
Policy gradients tend to converge faste, however they are not as sample efficient and generally require more interactions with the environment.
REINFORCE¶
REINFORCE model introduced in Policy Gradient Methods For Reinforcement Learning With Function Approximation Paper authors: Richard S. Sutton, David McAllester, Satinder Singh, Yishay Mansour
Original implementation by: Donal Byrne
REINFORCE is one of the simplest forms of the Policy Gradient method of RL. This method uses a Monte Carlo rollout, where its steps through entire episodes of the environment to build up trajectories computing the total rewards. The algorithm is as follows:
Initialize our network.
Play N full episodes saving the transitions through the environment.
For every step t in each episode k we calculate the discounted reward of the subsequent steps.
Calculate the loss for all transitions.
Perform SGD on the loss and repeat.
What this loss function is saying is simply that we want to take the log probability of action A at state S given our policy (network output). This is then scaled by the discounted reward that we calculated in the previous step. We then take the negative of our sum. This is because the loss is minimized during SGD, but we want to maximize our policy.
Note
The current implementation does not actually wait for the batch episodes the complete every time as we pass in a fixed batch size. For the time being we simply use a large batch size to accomodate this. This approach still works well for simple tasks as it still manages to get an accurate Q value by using a large batch size, but it is not as accurate or completely correct. This will be updated in a later version.
REINFORCE Benefits¶
Simple and straightforward
Computationally more efficient for simple tasks such as Cartpole than the Value Based methods.
REINFORCE Results¶
Hyperparameters:
Batch Size: 800
Learning Rate: 0.01
Episodes Per Batch: 4
Gamma: 0.99
TODO: Add results graph
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.rl import Reinforce
reinforce = Reinforce("CartPole-v0")
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(reinforce)
- class pl_bolts.models.rl.Reinforce(env, gamma=0.99, lr=0.01, batch_size=8, n_steps=10, avg_reward_len=100, entropy_beta=0.01, epoch_len=1000, num_batch_episodes=4, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of REINFORCE.
Paper authors: Richard S. Sutton, David McAllester, Satinder Singh, Yishay Mansour
Model implemented by:
Donal Byrne <https://github.com/djbyrne>
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.models.rl.reinforce_model import Reinforce ... >>> model = Reinforce("CartPole-v0")
Train:
trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
Note
This example is based on: https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-Hands-On-Second-Edition/blob/master/Chapter11/02_cartpole_reinforce.py
Note
Currently only supports CPU and single GPU training with accelerator=dp
- Parameters
- static add_model_specific_args(arg_parser)[source]
Adds arguments for DQN model.
Note
These params are fine tuned for Pong env.
- Parameters
arg_parser¶ – the current argument parser to add to
- Return type
- Returns
arg_parser with model specific cargs added
- calc_qvals(rewards)[source]
Calculate the discounted rewards of all rewards in list.
- discount_rewards(experiences)[source]
Calculates the discounted reward over N experiences.
- forward(x)[source]
Passes in a state x through the network and gets the q_values of each action as an output.
- train_batch()[source]
Contains the logic for generating a new batch of data to be passed to the DataLoader.
- train_dataloader()[source]
Get train loader.
- Return type
- training_step(batch, _)[source]
Carries out a single step through the environment to update the replay buffer. Then calculates loss based on the minibatch recieved.
Vanilla Policy Gradient¶
Vanilla Policy Gradient model introduced in Policy Gradient Methods For Reinforcement Learning With Function Approximation Paper authors: Richard S. Sutton, David McAllester, Satinder Singh, Yishay Mansour
Original implementation by: Donal Byrne
Vanilla Policy Gradient (VPG) expands upon the REINFORCE algorithm and improves some of its major issues. The major issue with REINFORCE is that it has high variance. This can be improved by subtracting a baseline value from the Q values. For this implementation we use the average reward as our baseline.
Although Policy Gradients are able to explore naturally due to the stochastic nature of the model, the agent can still frequently be stuck in a local optima. In order to improve this, VPG adds an entropy term to improve exploration.
To further control the amount of additional entropy in our model we scale the entropy term by a small beta value. The scaled entropy is then subtracted from the policy loss.
VPG Benefits¶
Addition of the baseline reduces variance in the model
Improved exploration due to entropy bonus
VPG Results¶
Hyperparameters:
Batch Size: 8
Learning Rate: 0.001
N Steps: 10
N environments: 4
Entropy Beta: 0.01
Gamma: 0.99
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.rl import VanillaPolicyGradient
vpg = VanillaPolicyGradient("CartPole-v0")
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(vpg)
- class pl_bolts.models.rl.VanillaPolicyGradient(env, gamma=0.99, lr=0.01, batch_size=8, n_steps=10, avg_reward_len=100, entropy_beta=0.01, epoch_len=1000, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of Vanilla Policy Gradient.
Paper authors: Richard S. Sutton, David McAllester, Satinder Singh, Yishay Mansour
Model implemented by:
Donal Byrne <https://github.com/djbyrne>
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.models.rl.vanilla_policy_gradient_model import VanillaPolicyGradient ... >>> model = VanillaPolicyGradient("CartPole-v0")
Train:
trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
Note
This example is based on: https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-Hands-On-Second-Edition/blob/master/Chapter11/04_cartpole_pg.py
Note
Currently only supports CPU and single GPU training with accelerator=dp
- Parameters
- static add_model_specific_args(arg_parser)[source]
Adds arguments for DQN model.
Note
These params are fine tuned for Pong env.
- Parameters
arg_parser¶ – the current argument parser to add to
- Return type
- Returns
arg_parser with model specific cargs added
- compute_returns(rewards)[source]
Calculate the discounted rewards of the batched rewards.
- Parameters
rewards¶ – list of batched rewards
- Returns
list of discounted rewards
- forward(x)[source]
Passes in a state x through the network and gets the q_values of each action as an output.
- loss(states, actions, scaled_rewards)[source]
Calculates the loss for VPG.
- train_batch()[source]
Contains the logic for generating a new batch of data to be passed to the DataLoader.
- train_dataloader()[source]
Get train loader.
- Return type
- training_step(batch, _)[source]
Carries out a single step through the environment to update the replay buffer. Then calculates loss based on the minibatch recieved.
Actor-Critic Models¶
The following models are based on Actor Critic. Actor Critic conbines the approaches of value-based learning (the DQN family) and the policy-based learning (the PG family) by learning the value function as well as the policy distribution. This approach updates the policy network according to the policy gradient, and updates the value network to fit the discounted rewards.
- Actor Critic Key Points:
Actor outputs a distribution of actions for controlling the agent
Critic outputs a value of current state for policy update suggestion
The addition of critic allows the model to do n-step training instead of generating an entire trajectory
Advantage Actor Critic (A2C)¶
(Asynchronous) Advantage Actor Critic model introduced in Asynchronous Methods for Deep Reinforcement Learning Paper authors: Volodymyr Mnih, Adrià Puigdomènech Badia, Mehdi Mirza, Alex Graves, Timothy P. Lillicrap, Tim Harley, David Silver, Koray Kavukcuoglu
Original implementation by: Jason Wang
Advantage Actor Critic (A2C) is the classical actor critic approach in reinforcement learning. The underlying neural network has an actor head and a critic head to output action distribution as well as value of current state. Usually the first few layers are shared by the two heads to prevent learning similar stuff twice. It builds upon the idea of using a baseline of average reward to reduce variance (in VPG) by using the critic as a baseline which could theoretically have better performance.
The algorithm can use an n-step training approach instead of generating an entire trajectory. The algorithm is as follows:
Initialize our network.
Rollout n steps and save the transitions (states, actions, rewards, values, dones).
Calculate the n-step (discounted) return by bootstrapping the last value.
Calculate actor loss using values as baseline.
Calculate critic loss using returns as target.
Calculate entropy bonus to encourage exploration.
Calculate total loss as a weighted sum of the three components above.
Perform gradient descent to update our network.
Note
The current implementation only support discrete action space, and has only been tested on the CartPole environment.
A2C Benefits¶
Combines the benefit from value-based learning and policy-based learning
Further reduces variance using the critic as a value estimator
A2C Results¶
Hyperparameters:
Batch Size: 32
Learning Rate: 0.001
Entropy Beta: 0.01
Critic Beta: 0.5
Gamma: 0.99
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.rl import AdvantageActorCritic
a2c = AdvantageActorCritic("CartPole-v0")
trainer = Trainer()
trainer.fit(a2c)
- class pl_bolts.models.rl.AdvantageActorCritic(env, gamma=0.99, lr=0.001, batch_size=32, avg_reward_len=100, entropy_beta=0.01, critic_beta=0.5, epoch_len=1000, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of Advantage Actor Critic.
Paper Authors: Volodymyr Mnih, Adrià Puigdomènech Badia, et al.
Model implemented by:
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.models.rl import AdvantageActorCritic ... >>> model = AdvantageActorCritic("CartPole-v0")
- Parameters
batch_size¶ (
int
) – size of minibatch pulled from the DataLoaderbatch_episodes¶ – how many episodes to rollout for each batch of training
avg_reward_len¶ (
int
) – how many episodes to take into account when calculating the avg rewardentropy_beta¶ (
float
) – dictates the level of entropy per batchcritic_beta¶ (
float
) – dictates the level of critic loss per batch
- static add_model_specific_args(arg_parser)[source]
Adds arguments for A2C model.
- Parameters
arg_parser¶ (
ArgumentParser
) – the current argument parser to add to- Return type
- Returns
arg_parser with model specific cargs added
- compute_returns(rewards, dones, last_value)[source]
Calculate the discounted rewards of the batched rewards.
- forward(x)[source]
Passes in a state x through the network and gets the log prob of each action and the value for the state as an output.
- loss(states, actions, returns)[source]
Calculates the loss for A2C which is a weighted sum of actor loss (MSE), critic loss (PG), and entropy (for exploration)
- train_batch()[source]
Contains the logic for generating a new batch of data to be passed to the DataLoader.
- Return type
- Returns
yields a tuple of Lists containing tensors for states, actions, and returns of the batch.
Note
This is what’s taken by the dataloader: states: a list of numpy array actions: a list of list of int returns: a torch tensor
- train_dataloader()[source]
Get train loader.
- Return type
Soft Actor Critic (SAC)¶
Soft Actor Critic model introduced in Soft Actor-Critic: Off-Policy Maximum Entropy Deep Reinforcement Learning with a Stochastic Actor Paper authors: Tuomas Haarnoja, Aurick Zhou, Pieter Abbeel, Sergey Levine
Original implementation by: Jason Wang
Soft Actor Critic (SAC) is a powerful actor critic algorithm in reinforcement learning. Unlike A2C, SAC’s policy outputs a special continuous distribution for actions, and its critic estimates the Q value instead of the state value, which means it now takes in not only states but also actions. The new actor allows SAC to support continuous action tasks such as controlling robots, and the new critic allows SAC to support off-policy learning which is more sample efficient.
The actor has a new objective to maximize entropy to encourage exploration while maximizing the expected rewards. The critic uses two separate Q functions to “mitigate positive bias” during training by picking the minimum of the two as the predicted Q value.
Since SAC is off-policy, its algorithm’s training step is quite similar to DQN:
Initialize one policy network, two Q networks, and two corresponding target Q networks.
Run 1 step using action sampled from policy and store the transition into the replay buffer.
Sample transitions (states, actions, rewards, dones, next states) from the replay buffer.
Compute actor loss and update policy network.
Compute Q target
Compute critic loss and update Q network..
Soft update the target Q network using a weighted sum of itself and the Q network.
SAC Benefits¶
More sample efficient due to off-policy training
Supports continuous action space
SAC Results¶
- Example::
from pl_bolts.models.rl import SAC sac = SAC(“Pendulum-v0”) trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(sac)
- class pl_bolts.models.rl.SAC(env, eps_start=1.0, eps_end=0.02, eps_last_frame=150000, sync_rate=1, gamma=0.99, policy_learning_rate=0.0003, q_learning_rate=0.0003, target_alpha=0.005, batch_size=128, replay_size=1000000, warm_start_size=10000, avg_reward_len=100, min_episode_reward=- 21, seed=123, batches_per_epoch=10000, n_steps=1, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
- static add_model_specific_args(arg_parser)[source]
Adds arguments for DQN model.
Note
These params are fine tuned for Pong env.
- Parameters
arg_parser¶ (
ArgumentParser
) – parent parser- Return type
- forward(x)[source]
Passes in a state x through the network and gets the q_values of each action as an output.
- loss(batch)[source]
Calculates the loss for SAC which contains a total of 3 losses.
- run_n_episodes(env, n_epsiodes=1)[source]
Carries out N episodes of the environment with the current agent without exploration.
- soft_update_target(q_net, target_net)[source]
Update the weights in target network using a weighted sum.
w_target := (1-a) * w_target + a * w_q
- test_dataloader()[source]
Get test loader.
- Return type
- test_step(*args, **kwargs)[source]
Evaluate the agent for 10 episodes.
- train_batch()[source]
Contains the logic for generating a new batch of data to be passed to the DataLoader.
- train_dataloader()[source]
Get train loader.
- Return type
Self-supervised Learning¶
This bolts module houses a collection of all self-supervised learning models.
Self-supervised learning extracts representations of an input by solving a pretext task. In this package, we implement many of the current state-of-the-art self-supervised algorithms.
Self-supervised models are trained with unlabeled datasets
Use cases¶
Here are some use cases for the self-supervised package.
Extracting image features¶
The models in this module are trained unsupervised and thus can capture better image representations (features).
In this example, we’ll load a resnet 18 which was pretrained on imagenet using CPC as the pretext task.
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
# load resnet50 pretrained using SimCLR on imagenet
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/simclr/bolts_simclr_imagenet/simclr_imagenet.ckpt'
simclr = SimCLR.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
simclr_resnet50 = simclr.encoder
simclr_resnet50.eval()
This means you can now extract image representations that were pretrained via unsupervised learning.
Example:
my_dataset = SomeDataset()
for batch in my_dataset:
x, y = batch
out = simclr_resnet50(x)
Train with unlabeled data¶
These models are perfect for training from scratch when you have a huge set of unlabeled images
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.simclr import SimCLREvalDataTransform, SimCLRTrainDataTransform
train_dataset = MyDataset(transforms=SimCLRTrainDataTransform())
val_dataset = MyDataset(transforms=SimCLREvalDataTransform())
# simclr needs a lot of compute!
model = SimCLR()
trainer = Trainer(tpu_cores=128)
trainer.fit(
model,
DataLoader(train_dataset),
DataLoader(val_dataset),
)
Research¶
Mix and match any part, or subclass to create your own new method
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import CPC_v2
from pl_bolts.losses.self_supervised_learning import FeatureMapContrastiveTask
amdim_task = FeatureMapContrastiveTask(comparisons='01, 11, 02', bidirectional=True)
model = CPC_v2(contrastive_task=amdim_task)
Contrastive Learning Models¶
Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) is a self-supervised learning approach where we generate representations of instances such that similar instances are near each other and far from dissimilar ones. This is often done by comparing triplets of positive, anchor and negative representations.
In this section, we list Lightning implementations of popular contrastive learning approaches.
AMDIM¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.AMDIM(datamodule='cifar10', encoder='amdim_encoder', contrastive_task=torch.nn.Module, image_channels=3, image_height=32, encoder_feature_dim=320, embedding_fx_dim=1280, conv_block_depth=10, use_bn=False, tclip=20.0, learning_rate=0.0002, data_dir='', num_classes=10, batch_size=200, num_workers=16, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of Augmented Multiscale Deep InfoMax (AMDIM)
Paper authors: Philip Bachman, R Devon Hjelm, William Buchwalter.
Model implemented by: William Falcon
This code is adapted to Lightning using the original author repo (the original repo).
Example
>>> from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import AMDIM ... >>> model = AMDIM(encoder='resnet18')
Train:
trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
- Parameters
datamodule¶ (
Union
[str
,LightningDataModule
]) – A LightningDatamoduleencoder¶ (
Union
[str
,Module
,LightningModule
]) – an encoder string or modelencoder_feature_dim¶ (
int
) – Called ndf in the paper, this is the representation size for the encoder.embedding_fx_dim¶ (
int
) – Output dim of the embedding function (nrkhs in the paper) (Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces).tclip¶ (
int
) – soft clipping non-linearity to the scores after computing the regularization term and before computing the log-softmax. This is the ‘second trick’ used in the paper
BYOL¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.BYOL(num_classes, learning_rate=0.2, weight_decay=1.5e-06, input_height=32, batch_size=32, num_workers=0, warmup_epochs=10, max_epochs=1000, base_encoder='resnet50', encoder_out_dim=2048, projector_hidden_size=4096, projector_out_dim=256, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of Bootstrap Your Own Latent (BYOL)_
Paper authors: Jean-Bastien Grill, Florian Strub, Florent Altché, Corentin Tallec, Pierre H. Richemond, Elena Buchatskaya, Carl Doersch, Bernardo Avila Pires, Zhaohan Daniel Guo, Mohammad Gheshlaghi Azar, Bilal Piot, Koray Kavukcuoglu, Rémi Munos, Michal Valko.
- Model implemented by:
Warning
Work in progress. This implementation is still being verified.
- TODOs:
verify on CIFAR-10
verify on STL-10
pre-train on imagenet
Example:
model = BYOL(num_classes=10) dm = CIFAR10DataModule(num_workers=0) dm.train_transforms = SimCLRTrainDataTransform(32) dm.val_transforms = SimCLREvalDataTransform(32) trainer = pl.Trainer() trainer.fit(model, datamodule=dm)
Train:
trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
CLI command:
# cifar10 python byol_module.py --gpus 1 # imagenet python byol_module.py --gpus 8 --dataset imagenet2012 --data_dir /path/to/imagenet/ --meta_dir /path/to/folder/with/meta.bin/ --batch_size 32
CPC (V2)¶
PyTorch Lightning implementation of Data-Efficient Image Recognition with Contrastive Predictive Coding
Paper authors: (Olivier J. Hénaff, Aravind Srinivas, Jeffrey De Fauw, Ali Razavi, Carl Doersch, S. M. Ali Eslami, Aaron van den Oord).
Model implemented by:
To Train:
import pytorch_lightning as pl
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import CPC_v2
from pl_bolts.datamodules import CIFAR10DataModule
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.cpc import (
CPCTrainTransformsCIFAR10, CPCEvalTransformsCIFAR10)
# data
dm = CIFAR10DataModule(num_workers=0)
dm.train_transforms = CPCTrainTransformsCIFAR10()
dm.val_transforms = CPCEvalTransformsCIFAR10()
# model
model = CPC_v2()
# fit
trainer = pl.Trainer()
trainer.fit(model, datamodule=dm)
To finetune:
python cpc_finetuner.py
--ckpt_path path/to/checkpoint.ckpt
--dataset cifar10
--gpus 1
CIFAR-10 and STL-10 baselines¶
CPCv2 does not report baselines on CIFAR-10 and STL-10 datasets. Results in table are reported from the YADIM paper.
Dataset |
test acc |
Encoder |
Optimizer |
Batch |
Epochs |
Hardware |
LR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CIFAR-10 |
84.52 |
Adam |
64 |
1000 (upto 24 hours) |
1 V100 (32GB) |
4e-5 |
|
STL-10 |
78.36 |
Adam |
144 |
1000 (upto 72 hours) |
4 V100 (32GB) |
1e-4 |
|
ImageNet |
54.82 |
Adam |
3072 |
1000 (upto 21 days) |
64 V100 (32GB) |
4e-5 |
CIFAR-10 pretrained model:
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import CPC_v2
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/cpc/cpc-cifar10-v4-exp3/epoch%3D474.ckpt'
cpc_v2 = CPC_v2.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
cpc_v2.freeze()
Pre-training:
Fine-tuning:
STL-10 pretrained model:
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import CPC_v2
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/cpc/cpc-stl10-v0-exp3/epoch%3D624.ckpt'
cpc_v2 = CPC_v2.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
cpc_v2.freeze()
Pre-training:
Fine-tuning:
CPC (v2) API¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.CPC_v2(encoder_name='cpc_encoder', patch_size=8, patch_overlap=4, online_ft=True, task='cpc', num_workers=4, num_classes=10, learning_rate=0.0001, pretrained=None, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
- Parameters
encoder_name¶ (
str
) – A string for any of the resnets in torchvision, or the original CPC encoder, or a custon nn.Module encoderpatch_overlap¶ (
int
) – How much overlap each patch should haveonline_ft¶ (
bool
) – If True, enables a 1024-unit MLP to fine-tune onlinetask¶ (
str
) – Which self-supervised task to use (‘cpc’, ‘amdim’, etc…)pretrained¶ (
Optional
[str
]) – If true, will use the weights pretrained (using CPC) on Imagenet
Moco (v2) API¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.Moco_v2(base_encoder='resnet18', emb_dim=128, num_negatives=65536, encoder_momentum=0.999, softmax_temperature=0.07, learning_rate=0.03, momentum=0.9, weight_decay=0.0001, data_dir='./', batch_size=256, use_mlp=False, num_workers=8, *args, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of Moco
Paper authors: Xinlei Chen, Haoqi Fan, Ross Girshick, Kaiming He.
Code adapted from facebookresearch/moco to Lightning by:
- Example::
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import Moco_v2 model = Moco_v2() trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
CLI command:
# cifar10 python moco2_module.py --gpus 1 # imagenet python moco2_module.py --gpus 8 --dataset imagenet2012 --data_dir /path/to/imagenet/ --meta_dir /path/to/folder/with/meta.bin/ --batch_size 32
- Parameters
base_encoder¶ (
Union
[str
,Module
]) – torchvision model name or torch.nn.Modulenum_negatives¶ (
int
) – queue size; number of negative keys (default: 65536)encoder_momentum¶ (
float
) – moco momentum of updating key encoder (default: 0.999)softmax_temperature¶ (
float
) – softmax temperature (default: 0.07)datamodule¶ – the DataModule (train, val, test dataloaders)
- forward(img_q, img_k, queue)[source]
- Input:
im_q: a batch of query images im_k: a batch of key images queue: a queue from which to pick negative samples
- Output:
logits, targets
- init_encoders(base_encoder)[source]
Override to add your own encoders.
SimCLR¶
PyTorch Lightning implementation of SimCLR
Paper authors: Ting Chen, Simon Kornblith, Mohammad Norouzi, Geoffrey Hinton.
Model implemented by:
To Train:
import pytorch_lightning as pl
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
from pl_bolts.datamodules import CIFAR10DataModule
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.simclr.transforms import (
SimCLREvalDataTransform, SimCLRTrainDataTransform)
# data
dm = CIFAR10DataModule(num_workers=0)
dm.train_transforms = SimCLRTrainDataTransform(32)
dm.val_transforms = SimCLREvalDataTransform(32)
# model
model = SimCLR(num_samples=dm.num_samples, batch_size=dm.batch_size, dataset='cifar10')
# fit
trainer = pl.Trainer()
trainer.fit(model, datamodule=dm)
CIFAR-10 baseline¶
Implementation |
test acc |
Encoder |
Optimizer |
Batch |
Epochs |
Hardware |
LR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
resnet50 |
LARS |
2048 |
800 |
TPUs |
1.0/1.5 |
||
Ours |
88.50 |
LARS |
2048 |
800 (4 hours) |
8 V100 (16GB) |
1.5 |
CIFAR-10 pretrained model:
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/simclr/simclr-cifar10-sgd/simclr-cifar10-sgd.ckpt'
simclr = SimCLR.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
simclr.freeze()
Pre-training:
Fine-tuning (Single layer MLP, 1024 hidden units):
To reproduce:
# pretrain
python simclr_module.py
--gpus 8
--dataset cifar10
--batch_size 256
-- num_workers 16
--optimizer sgd
--learning_rate 1.5
--exclude_bn_bias
--max_epochs 800
--online_ft
# finetune
python simclr_finetuner.py
--gpus 4
--ckpt_path path/to/simclr/ckpt
--dataset cifar10
--batch_size 64
--num_workers 8
--learning_rate 0.3
--num_epochs 100
Imagenet baseline for SimCLR¶
Implementation |
test acc |
Encoder |
Optimizer |
Batch |
Epochs |
Hardware |
LR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
resnet50 |
LARS |
4096 |
800 |
TPUs |
4.8 |
||
Ours |
68.4 |
LARS |
4096 |
800 |
64 V100 (16GB) |
4.8 |
Imagenet pretrained model:
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SimCLR
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/simclr/bolts_simclr_imagenet/simclr_imagenet.ckpt'
simclr = SimCLR.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
simclr.freeze()
To reproduce:
# pretrain
python simclr_module.py
--dataset imagenet
--data_path path/to/imagenet
# finetune
python simclr_finetuner.py
--gpus 8
--ckpt_path path/to/simclr/ckpt
--dataset imagenet
--data_dir path/to/imagenet/dataset
--batch_size 256
--num_workers 16
--learning_rate 0.8
--nesterov True
--num_epochs 90
SimCLR API¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.SimCLR(gpus, num_samples, batch_size, dataset, num_nodes=1, arch='resnet50', hidden_mlp=2048, feat_dim=128, warmup_epochs=10, max_epochs=100, temperature=0.1, first_conv=True, maxpool1=True, optimizer='adam', exclude_bn_bias=False, start_lr=0.0, learning_rate=0.001, final_lr=0.0, weight_decay=1e-06, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
- Parameters
- nt_xent_loss(out_1, out_2, temperature, eps=1e-06)[source]
assume out_1 and out_2 are normalized out_1: [batch_size, dim] out_2: [batch_size, dim]
SwAV¶
PyTorch Lightning implementation of SwAV Adapted from the official implementation
Paper authors: Mathilde Caron, Ishan Misra, Julien Mairal, Priya Goyal, Piotr Bojanowski, Armand Joulin.
Implementation adapted by:
To Train:
import pytorch_lightning as pl
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SwAV
from pl_bolts.datamodules import STL10DataModule
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.swav.transforms import (
SwAVTrainDataTransform, SwAVEvalDataTransform
)
from pl_bolts.transforms.dataset_normalizations import stl10_normalization
# data
batch_size = 128
dm = STL10DataModule(data_dir='.', batch_size=batch_size)
dm.train_dataloader = dm.train_dataloader_mixed
dm.val_dataloader = dm.val_dataloader_mixed
dm.train_transforms = SwAVTrainDataTransform(
normalize=stl10_normalization()
)
dm.val_transforms = SwAVEvalDataTransform(
normalize=stl10_normalization()
)
# model
model = SwAV(
gpus=1,
num_samples=dm.num_unlabeled_samples,
dataset='stl10',
batch_size=batch_size
)
# fit
trainer = pl.Trainer(precision=16)
trainer.fit(model)
Pre-trained ImageNet¶
We have included an option to directly load ImageNet weights provided by FAIR into bolts.
You can load the pretrained model using:
ImageNet pretrained model:
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SwAV
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/swav/swav_imagenet/swav_imagenet.pth.tar'
swav = SwAV.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=True)
swav.freeze()
STL-10 baseline¶
The original paper does not provide baselines on STL10.
Implementation |
test acc |
Encoder |
Optimizer |
Batch |
Queue used |
Epochs |
Hardware |
LR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ours |
SwAV resnet50 |
LARS |
128 |
No |
100 (~9 hr) |
1 V100 (16GB) |
1e-3 |
STL-10 pretrained model:
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SwAV
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/swav/checkpoints/swav_stl10.pth.tar'
swav = SwAV.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
swav.freeze()
Pre-training:
Fine-tuning (Single layer MLP, 1024 hidden units):
To reproduce:
# pretrain
python swav_module.py
--online_ft
--gpus 1
--batch_size 128
--learning_rate 1e-3
--gaussian_blur
--queue_length 0
--jitter_strength 1.
--nmb_prototypes 512
# finetune
python swav_finetuner.py
--gpus 8
--ckpt_path path/to/simclr/ckpt
--dataset imagenet
--data_dir path/to/imagenet/dataset
--batch_size 256
--num_workers 16
--learning_rate 0.8
--nesterov True
--num_epochs 90
Imagenet baseline for SwAV¶
Implementation |
test acc |
Encoder |
Optimizer |
Batch |
Epochs |
Hardware |
LR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Original |
75.3 |
resnet50 |
LARS |
4096 |
800 |
64 V100s |
4.8 |
Ours |
74 |
LARS |
4096 |
800 |
64 V100 (16GB) |
4.8 |
Imagenet pretrained model:
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import SwAV
weight_path = 'https://pl-bolts-weights.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/swav/bolts_swav_imagenet/swav_imagenet.ckpt'
swav = SwAV.load_from_checkpoint(weight_path, strict=False)
swav.freeze()
SwAV API¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.SwAV(gpus, num_samples, batch_size, dataset, num_nodes=1, arch='resnet50', hidden_mlp=2048, feat_dim=128, warmup_epochs=10, max_epochs=100, nmb_prototypes=3000, freeze_prototypes_epochs=1, temperature=0.1, sinkhorn_iterations=3, queue_length=0, queue_path='queue', epoch_queue_starts=15, crops_for_assign=(0, 1), nmb_crops=(2, 6), first_conv=True, maxpool1=True, optimizer='adam', exclude_bn_bias=False, start_lr=0.0, learning_rate=0.001, final_lr=0.0, weight_decay=1e-06, epsilon=0.05, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
- Parameters
gpus¶ (
int
) – number of gpus per node used in training, passed to SwAV module to manage the queue and select distributed sinkhornnum_samples¶ (
int
) – number of image samples used for traininghidden_mlp¶ (
int
) – hidden layer of non-linear projection head, set to 0 to use a linear projection headwarmup_epochs¶ (
int
) – apply linear warmup for this many epochsfreeze_prototypes_epochs¶ (
int
) – epoch till which gradients of prototype layer are frozensinkhorn_iterations¶ (
int
) – iterations for sinkhorn normalizationqueue_length¶ (
int
) – set queue when batch size is small, must be divisible by total batch-size (i.e. total_gpus * batch_size), set to 0 to remove the queueepoch_queue_starts¶ (
int
) – start uing the queue after this epochcrops_for_assign¶ (
tuple
) – list of crop ids for computing assignmentnmb_crops¶ (
tuple
) – number of global and local crops, ex: [2, 6]first_conv¶ (
bool
) – keep first conv same as the original resnet architecture, if set to false it is replace by a kernel 3, stride 1 conv (cifar-10)maxpool1¶ (
bool
) – keep first maxpool layer same as the original resnet architecture, if set to false, first maxpool is turned off (cifar10, maybe stl10)exclude_bn_bias¶ (
bool
) – exclude batchnorm and bias layers from weight decay in optimizersfinal_lr¶ (
float
) – float = final learning rate for cosine weight decay
SimSiam¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.SimSiam(gpus, num_samples, batch_size, dataset, num_nodes=1, arch='resnet50', hidden_mlp=2048, feat_dim=128, warmup_epochs=10, max_epochs=100, temperature=0.1, first_conv=True, maxpool1=True, optimizer='adam', exclude_bn_bias=False, start_lr=0.0, learning_rate=0.001, final_lr=0.0, weight_decay=1e-06, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
PyTorch Lightning implementation of Exploring Simple Siamese Representation Learning (SimSiam)
Paper authors: Xinlei Chen, Kaiming He.
- Model implemented by:
Warning
Work in progress. This implementation is still being verified.
- TODOs:
verify on CIFAR-10
verify on STL-10
pre-train on imagenet
Example:
model = SimSiam() dm = CIFAR10DataModule(num_workers=0) dm.train_transforms = SimCLRTrainDataTransform(32) dm.val_transforms = SimCLREvalDataTransform(32) trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model, datamodule=dm)
Train:
trainer = Trainer() trainer.fit(model)
CLI command:
# cifar10 python simsiam_module.py --gpus 1 # imagenet python simsiam_module.py --gpus 8 --dataset imagenet2012 --data_dir /path/to/imagenet/ --meta_dir /path/to/folder/with/meta.bin/ --batch_size 32
Classic ML Models¶
This module implements classic machine learning models in PyTorch Lightning, including linear regression and logistic regression. Unlike other libraries that implement these models, here we use PyTorch to enable multi-GPU, multi-TPU and half-precision training.
Linear Regression¶
Linear regression fits a linear model between a real-valued target variable and one or more features . We estimate the regression coefficients that minimize the mean squared error between the predicted and true target values.
We formulate the linear regression model as a single-layer neural network. By default we include only one neuron in the output layer, although you can specify the output_dim yourself.
Add either L1 or L2 regularization, or both, by specifying the regularization strength (default 0).
from pl_bolts.models.regression import LinearRegression
import pytorch_lightning as pl
from pl_bolts.datamodules import SklearnDataModule
from sklearn.datasets import load_diabetes
X, y = load_diabetes(return_X_y=True)
loaders = SklearnDataModule(X, y)
model = LinearRegression(input_dim=10)
trainer = pl.Trainer()
trainer.fit(model, train_dataloader=loaders.train_dataloader(), val_dataloaders=loaders.val_dataloader())
trainer.test(test_dataloaders=loaders.test_dataloader())
- class pl_bolts.models.regression.linear_regression.LinearRegression(input_dim, output_dim=1, bias=True, learning_rate=0.0001, optimizer=torch.optim.Adam, l1_strength=0.0, l2_strength=0.0, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Linear regression model implementing - with optional L1/L2 regularization $$min_{W} ||(Wx + b) - y ||_2^2 $$
Logistic Regression¶
Logistic regression is a linear model used for classification, i.e. when we have a categorical target variable. This implementation supports both binary and multi-class classification.
In the binary case, we formulate the logistic regression model as a one-layer neural network with one neuron in the output layer and a sigmoid activation function. In the multi-class case, we use a single-layer neural network but now with neurons in the output, where is the number of classes. This is also referred to as multinomial logistic regression.
Add either L1 or L2 regularization, or both, by specifying the regularization strength (default 0).
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from pl_bolts.models.regression import LogisticRegression
from pl_bolts.datamodules import SklearnDataModule
import pytorch_lightning as pl
# use any numpy or sklearn dataset
X, y = load_iris(return_X_y=True)
dm = SklearnDataModule(X, y)
# build model
model = LogisticRegression(input_dim=4, num_classes=3)
# fit
trainer = pl.Trainer(tpu_cores=8, precision=16)
trainer.fit(model, train_dataloader=dm.train_dataloader(), val_dataloaders=dm.val_dataloader())
trainer.test(test_dataloaders=dm.test_dataloader(batch_size=12))
Any input will be flattened across all dimensions except the first one (batch). This means images, sound, etc… work out of the box.
# create dataset
dm = MNISTDataModule(num_workers=0, data_dir=tmpdir)
model = LogisticRegression(input_dim=28 * 28, num_classes=10, learning_rate=0.001)
model.prepare_data = dm.prepare_data
model.train_dataloader = dm.train_dataloader
model.val_dataloader = dm.val_dataloader
model.test_dataloader = dm.test_dataloader
trainer = pl.Trainer(max_epochs=2)
trainer.fit(model)
trainer.test(model)
# {test_acc: 0.92}
- class pl_bolts.models.regression.logistic_regression.LogisticRegression(input_dim, num_classes, bias=True, learning_rate=0.0001, optimizer=torch.optim.Adam, l1_strength=0.0, l2_strength=0.0, **kwargs)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Logistic regression model.
- Parameters
input_dim¶ (
int
) – number of dimensions of the input (at least 1)num_classes¶ (
int
) – number of class labels (binary: 2, multi-class: >2)bias¶ (
bool
) – specifies if a constant or intercept should be fitted (equivalent to fit_intercept in sklearn)optimizer¶ (
Type
[Optimizer
]) – the optimizer to use (default:Adam
)l1_strength¶ (
float
) – L1 regularization strength (default:0.0
)l2_strength¶ (
float
) – L2 regularization strength (default:0.0
)
Linear Warmup Cosine Annealing¶
- class pl_bolts.optimizers.lr_scheduler.LinearWarmupCosineAnnealingLR(optimizer, warmup_epochs, max_epochs, warmup_start_lr=0.0, eta_min=0.0, last_epoch=- 1)[source]
Bases:
torch.optim.lr_scheduler.
Sets the learning rate of each parameter group to follow a linear warmup schedule between warmup_start_lr and base_lr followed by a cosine annealing schedule between base_lr and eta_min.
Warning
It is recommended to call
step()
forLinearWarmupCosineAnnealingLR
after each iteration as calling it after each epoch will keep the starting lr at warmup_start_lr for the first epoch which is 0 in most cases.Warning
passing epoch to
step()
is being deprecated and comes with an EPOCH_DEPRECATION_WARNING. It calls the_get_closed_form_lr()
method for this scheduler instead ofget_lr()
. Though this does not change the behavior of the scheduler, when passing epoch param tostep()
, the user should call thestep()
function before calling train and validation methods.Example
>>> layer = nn.Linear(10, 1) >>> optimizer = Adam(layer.parameters(), lr=0.02) >>> scheduler = LinearWarmupCosineAnnealingLR(optimizer, warmup_epochs=10, max_epochs=40) >>> # >>> # the default case >>> for epoch in range(40): ... # train(...) ... # validate(...) ... scheduler.step() >>> # >>> # passing epoch param case >>> for epoch in range(40): ... scheduler.step(epoch) ... # train(...) ... # validate(...)
Self-supervised learning¶
These transforms are used in various self-supervised learning approaches.
CPC transforms¶
Transforms used for CPC
CIFAR-10 Train (c)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.cpc.transforms.CPCTrainTransformsCIFAR10(patch_size=8, overlap=4)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms used for CPC:
Transforms:
random_flip img_jitter col_jitter rnd_gray transforms.ToTensor() normalize Patchify(patch_size=patch_size, overlap_size=patch_size // 2)
Example:
# in a regular dataset CIFAR10(..., transforms=CPCTrainTransformsCIFAR10()) # in a DataModule module = CIFAR10DataModule(PATH) train_loader = module.train_dataloader(batch_size=32, transforms=CPCTrainTransformsCIFAR10())
- Parameters
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
CIFAR-10 Eval (c)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.cpc.transforms.CPCEvalTransformsCIFAR10(patch_size=8, overlap=4)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms used for CPC:
Transforms:
random_flip transforms.ToTensor() normalize Patchify(patch_size=patch_size, overlap_size=overlap)
Example:
# in a regular dataset CIFAR10(..., transforms=CPCEvalTransformsCIFAR10()) # in a DataModule module = CIFAR10DataModule(PATH) train_loader = module.train_dataloader(batch_size=32, transforms=CPCEvalTransformsCIFAR10())
- Parameters
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
Imagenet Train (c)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.cpc.transforms.CPCTrainTransformsImageNet128(patch_size=32, overlap=16)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms used for CPC:
Transforms:
random_flip transforms.ToTensor() normalize Patchify(patch_size=patch_size, overlap_size=patch_size // 2)
Example:
# in a regular dataset Imagenet(..., transforms=CPCTrainTransformsImageNet128()) # in a DataModule module = ImagenetDataModule(PATH) train_loader = module.train_dataloader(batch_size=32, transforms=CPCTrainTransformsImageNet128())
- Parameters
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
Imagenet Eval (c)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.cpc.transforms.CPCEvalTransformsImageNet128(patch_size=32, overlap=16)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms used for CPC:
Transforms:
random_flip transforms.ToTensor() normalize Patchify(patch_size=patch_size, overlap_size=patch_size // 2)
Example:
# in a regular dataset Imagenet(..., transforms=CPCEvalTransformsImageNet128()) # in a DataModule module = ImagenetDataModule(PATH) train_loader = module.train_dataloader(batch_size=32, transforms=CPCEvalTransformsImageNet128())
- Parameters
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
STL-10 Train (c)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.cpc.transforms.CPCTrainTransformsSTL10(patch_size=16, overlap=8)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms used for CPC:
Transforms:
random_flip img_jitter col_jitter rnd_gray transforms.ToTensor() normalize Patchify(patch_size=patch_size, overlap_size=patch_size // 2)
Example:
# in a regular dataset STL10(..., transforms=CPCTrainTransformsSTL10()) # in a DataModule module = STL10DataModule(PATH) train_loader = module.train_dataloader(batch_size=32, transforms=CPCTrainTransformsSTL10())
- Parameters
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
STL-10 Eval (c)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.cpc.transforms.CPCEvalTransformsSTL10(patch_size=16, overlap=8)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms used for CPC:
Transforms:
random_flip transforms.ToTensor() normalize Patchify(patch_size=patch_size, overlap_size=patch_size // 2)
Example:
# in a regular dataset STL10(..., transforms=CPCEvalTransformsSTL10()) # in a DataModule module = STL10DataModule(PATH) train_loader = module.train_dataloader(batch_size=32, transforms=CPCEvalTransformsSTL10())
- Parameters
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
AMDIM transforms¶
Transforms used for AMDIM
CIFAR-10 Train (a)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.amdim.transforms.AMDIMTrainTransformsCIFAR10[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms applied to AMDIM.
Transforms:
img_jitter, col_jitter, rnd_gray, transforms.ToTensor(), normalize
Example:
x = torch.rand(5, 3, 32, 32) transform = AMDIMTrainTransformsCIFAR10() (view1, view2) = transform(x)
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
CIFAR-10 Eval (a)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.amdim.transforms.AMDIMEvalTransformsCIFAR10[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms applied to AMDIM.
Transforms:
transforms.ToTensor(), normalize
Example:
x = torch.rand(5, 3, 32, 32) transform = AMDIMEvalTransformsCIFAR10() (view1, view2) = transform(x)
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
Imagenet Train (a)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.amdim.transforms.AMDIMTrainTransformsImageNet128(height=128)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms applied to AMDIM.
Transforms:
img_jitter, col_jitter, rnd_gray, transforms.ToTensor(), normalize
Example:
x = torch.rand(5, 3, 128, 128) transform = AMDIMTrainTransformsSTL10() (view1, view2) = transform(x)
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
Imagenet Eval (a)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.amdim.transforms.AMDIMEvalTransformsImageNet128(height=128)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms applied to AMDIM.
Transforms:
transforms.Resize(height + 6, interpolation=3), transforms.CenterCrop(height), transforms.ToTensor(), normalize
Example:
x = torch.rand(5, 3, 128, 128) transform = AMDIMEvalTransformsImageNet128() view1 = transform(x)
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
STL-10 Train (a)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.amdim.transforms.AMDIMTrainTransformsSTL10(height=64)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms applied to AMDIM.
Transforms:
img_jitter, col_jitter, rnd_gray, transforms.ToTensor(), normalize
Example:
x = torch.rand(5, 3, 64, 64) transform = AMDIMTrainTransformsSTL10() (view1, view2) = transform(x)
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
STL-10 Eval (a)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.amdim.transforms.AMDIMEvalTransformsSTL10(height=64)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms applied to AMDIM.
Transforms:
transforms.Resize(height + 6, interpolation=3), transforms.CenterCrop(height), transforms.ToTensor(), normalize
Example:
x = torch.rand(5, 3, 64, 64) transform = AMDIMTrainTransformsSTL10() view1 = transform(x)
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
MOCO V2 transforms¶
Transforms used for MOCO V2
CIFAR-10 Train (m2)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.moco.transforms.Moco2TrainCIFAR10Transforms(height=32)[source]
Bases:
object
Moco 2 augmentation:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.04297.pdf
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
CIFAR-10 Eval (m2)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.moco.transforms.Moco2EvalCIFAR10Transforms(height=32)[source]
Bases:
object
Moco 2 augmentation:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.04297.pdf
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
Imagenet Train (m2)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.moco.transforms.Moco2TrainSTL10Transforms(height=64)[source]
Bases:
object
Moco 2 augmentation:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.04297.pdf
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
Imagenet Eval (m2)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.moco.transforms.Moco2EvalSTL10Transforms(height=64)[source]
Bases:
object
Moco 2 augmentation:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.04297.pdf
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
STL-10 Train (m2)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.moco.transforms.Moco2TrainImagenetTransforms(height=128)[source]
Bases:
object
Moco 2 augmentation:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.04297.pdf
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
STL-10 Eval (m2)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.moco.transforms.Moco2EvalImagenetTransforms(height=128)[source]
Bases:
object
Moco 2 augmentation:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.04297.pdf
- __call__(inp)[source]
Call self as a function.
SimCLR transforms¶
Transforms used for SimCLR
Train (sc)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.simclr.transforms.SimCLRTrainDataTransform(input_height=224, gaussian_blur=True, jitter_strength=1.0, normalize=None)[source]
Bases:
object
Transforms for SimCLR.
Transform:
RandomResizedCrop(size=self.input_height) RandomHorizontalFlip() RandomApply([color_jitter], p=0.8) RandomGrayscale(p=0.2) GaussianBlur(kernel_size=int(0.1 * self.input_height)) transforms.ToTensor()
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.simclr.transforms import SimCLRTrainDataTransform transform = SimCLRTrainDataTransform(input_height=32) x = sample() (xi, xj) = transform(x)
- __call__(sample)[source]
Call self as a function.
Eval (sc)¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.simclr.transforms.SimCLREvalDataTransform(input_height=224, gaussian_blur=True, jitter_strength=1.0, normalize=None)[source]
Bases:
pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.simclr.transforms.SimCLRTrainDataTransform
Transforms for SimCLR.
Transform:
Resize(input_height + 10, interpolation=3) transforms.CenterCrop(input_height), transforms.ToTensor()
Example:
from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.simclr.transforms import SimCLREvalDataTransform transform = SimCLREvalDataTransform(input_height=32) x = sample() (xi, xj) = transform(x)
Identity class¶
Example:
from pl_bolts.utils import Identity
- class pl_bolts.utils.self_supervised.Identity[source]
Bases:
torch.nn.
An identity class to replace arbitrary layers in pretrained models.
Example:
from pl_bolts.utils import Identity model = resnet18() model.fc = Identity()
SSL-ready resnets¶
Torchvision resnets with the fc layers removed and with the ability to return all feature maps instead of just the last one.
Example:
from pl_bolts.utils.self_supervised import torchvision_ssl_encoder
resnet = torchvision_ssl_encoder('resnet18', pretrained=False, return_all_feature_maps=True)
x = torch.rand(3, 3, 32, 32)
feat_maps = resnet(x)
SSL backbone finetuner¶
- class pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.ssl_finetuner.SSLFineTuner(backbone, in_features=2048, num_classes=1000, epochs=100, hidden_dim=None, dropout=0.0, learning_rate=0.1, weight_decay=1e-06, nesterov=False, scheduler_type='cosine', decay_epochs=(60, 80), gamma=0.1, final_lr=0.0)[source]
Bases:
pytorch_lightning.
Finetunes a self-supervised learning backbone using the standard evaluation protocol of a singler layer MLP with 1024 units.
Example:
from pl_bolts.utils.self_supervised import SSLFineTuner from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised import CPC_v2 from pl_bolts.datamodules import CIFAR10DataModule from pl_bolts.models.self_supervised.cpc.transforms import CPCEvalTransformsCIFAR10, CPCTrainTransformsCIFAR10 # pretrained model backbone = CPC_v2.load_from_checkpoint(PATH, strict=False) # dataset + transforms dm = CIFAR10DataModule(data_dir='.') dm.train_transforms = CPCTrainTransformsCIFAR10() dm.val_transforms = CPCEvalTransformsCIFAR10() # finetuner finetuner = SSLFineTuner(backbone, in_features=backbone.z_dim, num_classes=backbone.num_classes) # train trainer = pl.Trainer() trainer.fit(finetuner, dm) # test trainer.test(datamodule=dm)
Semi-supervised learning¶
Collection of utilities for semi-supervised learning where some part of the data is labeled and the other part is not.
Balanced classes¶
Example:
from pl_bolts.utils.semi_supervised import balance_classes
- pl_bolts.utils.semi_supervised.balance_classes(X, Y, batch_size)[source]
Makes sure each batch has an equal amount of data from each class. Perfect balance.
half labeled batches¶
Example:
from pl_bolts.utils.semi_supervised import balance_classes
- pl_bolts.utils.semi_supervised.generate_half_labeled_batches(smaller_set_X, smaller_set_Y, larger_set_X, larger_set_Y, batch_size)[source]
Given a labeled dataset and an unlabeled dataset, this function generates a joint pair where half the batches are labeled and the other half is not.
Self-supervised Learning¶
This section implements popular contrastive learning tasks used in self-supervised learning.
FeatureMapContrastiveTask¶
This task compares sets of feature maps.
In general the feature map comparison pretext task uses triplets of features. Here are the abstract steps of comparison.
Generate multiple views of the same image
x1_view_1 = data_augmentation(x1)
x1_view_2 = data_augmentation(x1)
Use a different example to generate additional views (usually within the same batch or a pool of candidates)
x2_view_1 = data_augmentation(x2)
x2_view_2 = data_augmentation(x2)
Pick 3 views to compare, these are the anchor, positive and negative features
anchor = x1_view_1
positive = x1_view_2
negative = x2_view_1
Generate feature maps for each view
(a0, a1, a2) = encoder(anchor)
(p0, p1, p2) = encoder(positive)
Make a comparison for a set of feature maps
phi = some_score_function()
# the '01' comparison
score = phi(a0, p1)
# and can be bidirectional
score = phi(p0, a1)
In practice the contrastive task creates a BxB matrix where B is the batch size. The diagonals for set 1 of feature maps are the anchors, the diagonals of set 2 of the feature maps are the positives, the non-diagonals of set 1 are the negatives.
- class pl_bolts.losses.self_supervised_learning.FeatureMapContrastiveTask(comparisons='00, 11', tclip=10.0, bidirectional=True)[source]
Bases:
torch.nn.
Performs an anchor, positive negative pair comparison for each each tuple of feature maps passed.
# extract feature maps pos_0, pos_1, pos_2 = encoder(x_pos) anc_0, anc_1, anc_2 = encoder(x_anchor) # compare only the 0th feature maps task = FeatureMapContrastiveTask('00') loss, regularizer = task((pos_0), (anc_0)) # compare (pos_0 to anc_1) and (pos_0, anc_2) task = FeatureMapContrastiveTask('01, 02') losses, regularizer = task((pos_0, pos_1, pos_2), (anc_0, anc_1, anc_2)) loss = losses.sum() # compare (pos_1 vs a anc_random) task = FeatureMapContrastiveTask('0r') loss, regularizer = task((pos_0, pos_1, pos_2), (anc_0, anc_1, anc_2))
# with bidirectional the comparisons are done both ways task = FeatureMapContrastiveTask('01, 02') # will compare the following: # 01: (pos_0, anc_1), (anc_0, pos_1) # 02: (pos_0, anc_2), (anc_0, pos_2)
- Parameters
- forward(anchor_maps, positive_maps)[source]
Takes in a set of tuples, each tuple has two feature maps with all matching dimensions.
Example
>>> import torch >>> from pytorch_lightning import seed_everything >>> seed_everything(0) 0 >>> a1 = torch.rand(3, 5, 2, 2) >>> a2 = torch.rand(3, 5, 2, 2) >>> b1 = torch.rand(3, 5, 2, 2) >>> b2 = torch.rand(3, 5, 2, 2) ... >>> task = FeatureMapContrastiveTask('01, 11') ... >>> losses, regularizer = task((a1, a2), (b1, b2)) >>> losses tensor([2.2351, 2.1902]) >>> regularizer tensor(0.0324)
- static parse_map_indexes(comparisons)[source]
Example:
>>> FeatureMapContrastiveTask.parse_map_indexes('11') [(1, 1)] >>> FeatureMapContrastiveTask.parse_map_indexes('11,59') [(1, 1), (5, 9)] >>> FeatureMapContrastiveTask.parse_map_indexes('11,59, 2r') [(1, 1), (5, 9), (2, -1)]
Context prediction tasks¶
The following tasks aim to predict a target using a context representation.
CPCContrastiveTask¶
This is the predictive task from CPC (v2).
task = CPCTask(num_input_channels=32)
# (batch, channels, rows, cols)
# this should be thought of as 49 feature vectors, each with 32 dims
Z = torch.random.rand(3, 32, 7, 7)
loss = task(Z)
- class pl_bolts.losses.self_supervised_learning.CPCTask(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any)[source]
Bases:
torch.nn.
Loss used in CPC.
Contributing¶
Welcome to the PyTorch Lightning community! We’re building the most advanced research platform on the planet to implement the latest, best practices that the amazing PyTorch team rolls out!
Bolts Design Principles¶
We encourage all sorts of contributions you’re interested in adding! When coding for Bolts, please follow these principles.
Simple Internal Code¶
It’s useful for users to look at the code and understand very quickly what’s happening. Many users won’t be engineers. Thus we need to value clear, simple code over condensed ninja moves. While that’s super cool, this isn’t the project for that :)
Force User Decisions To Best Practices¶
There are 1,000 ways to do something. However, eventually one popular solution becomes standard practice, and everyone follows. We try to find the best way to solve a particular problem, and then force our users to use it for readability and simplicity.
When something becomes a best practice, we add it to the framework. This is usually something like bits of code in utils or in the model file that everyone keeps adding over and over again across projects. When this happens, bring that code inside the trainer and add a flag for it.
Backward-compatible API¶
We all hate updating our deep learning packages because we don’t want to refactor a bunch of stuff. In bolts, we make sure every change we make which could break an API is backward compatible with good deprecation warnings.
Gain User Trust¶
As a researcher, you can’t have any part of your code going wrong. So, make thorough tests to ensure that every implementation of a new trick or subtle change is correct.
Interoperability¶
PyTorch Lightning Bolts is highly interoperable with PyTorch Lightning and PyTorch.
Contribution Types¶
We are always looking for help implementing new features or fixing bugs.
A lot of good work has already been done in project mechanics (requirements/base.txt, setup.py, pep8, badges, ci, etc…) so we’re in a good state there thanks to all the early contributors (even pre-beta release)!
Bug Fixes:¶
If you find a bug please submit a GitHub issue.
Make sure the title explains the issue.
Describe your setup, what you are trying to do, expected vs. actual behaviour. Please add configs and code samples.
Add details on how to reproduce the issue - a minimal test case is always best, colab is also great. Note, that the sample code shall be minimal and if needed with publicly available data.
Try to fix it or recommend a solution. We highly recommend to use test-driven approach:
Convert your minimal code example to a unit/integration test with assert on expected results.
Start by debugging the issue… You can run just this particular test in your IDE and draft a fix.
Verify that your test case fails on the master branch and only passes with the fix applied.
Submit a PR!
Note, even if you do not find the solution, sending a PR with a test covering the issue is a valid contribution and we can help you or finish it with you :]
New Features:¶
Submit a GitHub issue - describe what is the motivation of such feature (adding the use case or an example is helpful).
Let’s discuss to determine the feature scope.
Submit a PR! We recommend test driven approach to adding new features as well:
Write a test for the functionality you want to add.
Write the functional code until the test passes.
Add/update the relevant tests!
This PR is a good example for adding a new metric, and this one for a new logger.
New Models:¶
PyTorch Lightning Bolts makes several research models for ready usage. Following are general guidelines for adding new models.
Models which are standard baselines
Whose results are reproduced properly either by us or by authors.
Top models which are not SOTA but highly cited for production usage / for other uses. (E.g. Mobile BERT, MobileNets, FBNets).
Do not reinvent the wheel, natively support torchvision, torchtext, torchaudio models.
Use open source licensed models.
Please raise an issue before adding a new model. Please let us know why the particular model is important for bolts. There are tons of models that keep coming. It is very difficult to support every model.
Test cases:¶
Want to keep Lightning Bolts healthy? Love seeing those green tests? So do we! How to we keep it that way? We write tests! We value tests contribution even more than new features.
Tests are written using pytest. Tests in PyTorch Lightning bolts train model on a datamodule. Datamodule is lightning abstraction of representing dataloader and dataset. Model is checked by simply calling .fit()
function over the datamodule.
Along with these we have tests for losses, callbacks and transforms as well.
Have a look at sample tests here.
After you have added the respective tests, you can run the tests locally with make script:
make test
Want to add a new test case and not sure how? Talk to us!
Note before submitting the PR, make sure you have run pre-commit run
.¶
Guidelines¶
For this section, we refer to read the parent PL guidelines
Reminder
All added or edited code shall be the own original work of the particular contributor.
If you use some third-party implementation, all such blocks/functions/modules shall be properly referred and if possible also agreed by code’s author. For example - This code is inspired from http://...
.
In case you adding new dependencies, make sure that they are compatible with the actual PyTorch Lightning license (ie. dependencies should be at least as permissive as the PyTorch Lightning license).
Question & Answer¶
How can I help/contribute?
All help is extremely welcome - reporting bugs, fixing documentation, adding test cases, solving issues and preparing bug fixes. To solve some issues you can start with label good first issue or chose something close to your domain with label help wanted. Before you start to implement anything check that the issue description that it is clear and self-assign the task to you (if it is not possible, just comment that you take it and we assign it to you…).
Is there a recommendation for branch names?
We do not rely on the name convention so far you are working with your own fork. Anyway it would be nice to follow this convention
<type>/<issue-id>_<short-name>
where the types are:bugfix
,feature
,docs
,tests
, …I have a model in other framework than PyTorch, how do I add it here?
Since PyTorch Lightning is written on top of PyTorch. We need models in PyTorch only. Also, we would need same or equivalent results with PyTorch Lightning after converting the models from other frameworks.
PL Bolts Governance | Persons of interest¶
Core Maintainers¶
William Falcon (williamFalcon) (Lightning founder)
Jirka Borovec (Borda)
Ananya Harsh Jha (ananyahjha93)
Akihiro Nitta (akihironitta)
Alumni¶
Teddy Koker (teddykoker)
Annika Brundyn (annikabrundyn)
Changelog¶
All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
The format is based on Keep a Changelog, and this project adheres to Semantic Versioning.
[0.5.0] - 2021-12-20¶
[0.5.0] - Added¶
[0.5.0] - Changed¶
VAE now uses deterministic KL divergence during training, previously estimated KL divergence by random sampling (#760)
[0.5.0] - Removed¶
[0.5.0] - Fixed¶
[0.4.0] - 2021-09-09¶
[0.4.0] - Added¶
[0.4.0] - Changed¶
[0.4.0] - Fixed¶
Fixed ImageNet val loader to use val transform instead of train transform (#713)
Fixed the MNIST download giving HTTP 404 with
torchvision>=0.9.1
(#674)Removed momentum updating from val step and add separate val queue (#631)
Fixed moving the queue to GPU when resuming checkpoint for SwAV model (#684)
Fixed FP16 support with vision GPT model (#694)
Removing bias from linear model regularisation (#669)
Fixed CPC module issue (#680)
[0.3.4] - 2021-06-17¶
[0.3.4] - Changed¶
[0.3.4] - Fixed¶
[0.3.3] - 2021-04-17¶
[0.3.3] - Changed¶
[0.3.3] - Fixed¶
Add missing
dataclass
requirements (#618)
[0.3.2] - 2021-03-20¶
[0.3.2] - Changed¶
[0.3.1] - 2021-03-09¶
[0.3.1] - Added¶
Added Pix2Pix model (#533)
[0.3.1] - Changed¶
Moved vision models (
GPT2
,ImageGPT
,SemSegment
,UNet
) topl_bolts.models.vision
(#561)
[0.3.1] - Fixed¶
[0.3.0] - 2021-01-20¶
[0.3.0] - Added¶
Added
input_channels
argument to UNet (#297)Added data monitor callbacks
ModuleDataMonitor
andTrainingDataMonitor
(#285)Added DCGAN module (#403)
Added
VisionDataModule
as parent class forBinaryMNISTDataModule
,CIFAR10DataModule
,FashionMNISTDataModule
, andMNISTDataModule
(#400)Added GIoU loss (#347)
Added IoU loss (#469)
Added semantic segmentation model
SemSegment
withUNet
backend (#259)Added pption to normalize latent interpolation images (#438)
Added flags to datamodules (#388)
Added metric GIoU (#347)
Added Intersection over Union Metric/Loss (#469)
Added SimSiam model (#407)
Added gradient verification callback (#465)
Added Backbones to FRCNN (#475)
[0.3.0] - Changed¶
Set PyTorch Lightning 1.0 as the minimum requirement (#274)
Moved
pl_bolts.callbacks.self_supervised.BYOLMAWeightUpdate
topl_bolts.callbacks.byol_updates.BYOLMAWeightUpdate
(#288)Moved
pl_bolts.callbacks.self_supervised.SSLOnlineEvaluator
topl_bolts.callbacks.ssl_online.SSLOnlineEvaluator
(#288)Moved
pl_bolts.datamodules.*_dataset
topl_bolts.datasets.*_dataset
(#275)Ensured sync across val/test step when using DDP (#371)
Refactored CLI arguments of models (#394)
Upgraded DQN to use
.log
(#404)Decoupled DataModules from models - CPCV2 (#386)
Refactored datamodules/datasets (#338)
Refactored Vision DataModules (#400)
Refactored
pl_bolts.callbacks
(#477)Refactored the rest of
pl_bolts.models.self_supervised
(#481, #479Update [
torchvision.utils.make_grid
(https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/torchvision/utils.html#torchvision.utils.make_grid)] kwargs toTensorboardGenerativeModelImageSampler
(#494)
[0.3.0] - Fixed¶
Fixed duplicate warnings when optional packages are unavailable (#341)
Fixed
ModuleNotFoundError
when importing datamoules (#303)Fixed cyclic imports in
pl_bolts.utils.self_suprvised
(#350)Fixed VAE loss to use KL term of ELBO (#330)
Fixed dataloders of
MNISTDataModule
to useself.batch_size
(#331)Fixed missing
outputs
in SSL hooks for PyTorch Lightning 1.0 (#277)Fixed stl10 datamodule (#369)
Fixes SimCLR transforms (#329)
Fixed binary MNIST datamodule (#377)
Fixed the end of batch size mismatch (#389)
Fixed
batch_size
parameter for DataModules remaining (#344)Fixed CIFAR
num_samples
(#432)Fixed DQN
run_n_episodes
using the wrong environment variable (#525)
[0.2.5] - 2020-10-12¶
Enabled PyTorch Lightning 1.0 compatibility
[0.2.4] - 2020-10-12¶
Enabled manual returns (#267)
[0.2.3] - 2020-10-12¶
[0.2.3] - Added¶
[0.2.2] - 2020-09-14¶
Fixed confused logit (#222)
[0.2.1] - 2020-09-13¶
[0.2.1] - Added¶
Added pretrained VAE with resnet encoders and decoders
Added pretrained AE with resnet encoders and decoders
Added CPC pretrained on CIFAR10 and STL10
Verified BYOL implementation
[0.2.1] - Changed¶
[0.2.1] - Fixed¶
[0.2.0] - 2020-09-10¶
[0.2.0] - Added¶
Enabled Apache License, Version 2.0
[0.2.0] - Changed¶
Moved unnecessary dependencies to
__main__
section in BYOL (#176)
[0.2.0] - Fixed¶
Fixed CPC STL10 finetune (#173)
[0.1.1] - 2020-08-23¶
[0.1.1] - Added¶
Added Faster RCNN + Pscal VOC DataModule (#157)
Added a better lars scheduling
LARSWrapper
(#162)Added CPC finetuner (#158)
Added
BinaryMNISTDataModule
(#153)Added learning rate scheduler to BYOL (#148)
Added Cityscapes DataModule (#136)
Added learning rate scheduler
LinearWarmupCosineAnnealingLR
(#138)Added BYOL (#144)
Added
ConfusedLogitCallback
(#118)Added an asynchronous single GPU dataloader. (#1521)
[0.1.1] - Fixed¶
[0.1.1] - Changed¶
Enhanced train batch function (#107)
[0.1.0] - 2020-07-02¶
[0.1.0] - Added¶
Added setup and repo structure
Added requirements
Added docs
Added Manifest
Added coverage
Added MNIST template
Added VAE template
Added GAN + AE + MNIST
Added Linear Regression
Added Moco2g
Added simclr
Added RL module
Added Loggers
Added Transforms
Added Tiny Datasets
Added regularization to linear + logistic models
Added Linear and Logistic Regression tests
Added Image GPT
Added Recommenders module
[0.1.0] - Changed¶
Device is no longer set in the DQN model init
Moved RL loss function to the losses module
Moved rl.common.experience to datamodules
train_batch function to VPG model to generate batch of data at each step (POC)
Experience source no longer gets initialized with a device, instead the device is passed at each step()
Refactored ExperienceSource classes to be handle multiple environments.
[0.1.0] - Removed¶
Removed N-Step DQN as the latest version of the DQN supports N-Step by setting the
n_step
arg to nDeprecated common.experience
[0.1.0] - Fixed¶
Documentation
Doct tests
CI pipeline
Imports and pkg
CPC fixes